Background: Makhaarej Al-Horouf, the study of speech sounds by Avicenna is a valuable piece of work in the study of speech sounds, which was written about ten centuries ago. It contains six chapters on sound, anatomy of vocal tract, and phonetics. It is amazing to find that Avicenna’s explanations are congruent with the findings of modern scholarship in relevant topics. The study was intended t...

Whilst the legal debate concerning automated decision-making has been focused mainly on whether a ‘right to explanation’ exists in GDPR, emergence of ‘explainable Artificial Intelligence’ (XAI) produced taxonomies for explanation Intelligence (AI) systems. However, various researchers have warned that transparency algorithmic processes itself is not enough. Better and easier tools assessment re...

We study the computation of constrained explanations in framework abductive logic programming. A general characteristic reasoning is existence multiple explanations. Therefore, identifying a subclass “preferred explanations” relevant problem. typical approach to “prefer” that are, some sense, simple. Several concepts simplicity were considered literature, most notably those based on minimality ...

This editorial essay introduces the Sean Bonney special issue of Journal British and Irish Innovative Poetry. We begin by setting Bonney’s writing on plague temporality in context COVID-19 pandemic which some ways it seemed to anticipate, arguing that ‘in 2020, reality, its landscapes, both internal external, become a poem’. then outline content more detail, offering summaries essays follow, as...