This study tested the impact of implicit and explicit knowledge of grammar on learners’ use of oral communication strategies (OCSs) and the interface of OCSs and oral fluency. The study was performed on 24 male and 36 female Iranian university students of English Translation studying at Payame Nour Universities of Lar, Khonj, and Evaz chosen based on availability and ease of access. The data we...

Research consistently shows that adults engaged in tutored acquisition benefit from explicit instruction several linguistic domains. For preschool children, it is often assumed such does not make a difference. In the present study, we investigated whether affected young learners acquiring morpho-syntactic element. A total of 103 Dutch-speaking kindergartners (M = 5;7) received training miniatur...

The present study sought to investigate the effect of explicit instruction of lexical bundles (LBs) on the development of Iranian English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students’ writing quality and also their receptive and productive knowledge of Lexical Bundles (LB). Assigned to two experimental and control groups, the eighty participants took pre- and post-tests of writing tasks and the recepti...

purpose: the aim of this study is to analyze the theoretical foundations, the concept, documentation history, steps and the procedure of documentation of knowledge on the basis of life cycle of organizational knowledge and the introduction of automatic and semi-automatic operational strategies of the extraction of tacit knowledge and coding or the representation of explicit knowledge. methodolo...

Knowledge mapping supports members of an organization in finding knowledge available within the organization, and in developing insights into corporate expertise. An essential prerequisite is an explicit conceptualization of the subject domain to enable the classification of knowledge resources. Many tools exist to create explicit conceptualizations. This paper establishes a set of requirements...

In the papers on knowledge during the last decade, a recurrent theme is the distinction between implicit knowledge ascribed to an agent and explicit knowledge available to that agent. We discuss one aspect of this distinction: even a logically omniscient reasoner's knowledge may be limited by having only a partial view of the system. We study a logic where an agent has explicit knowledge of onl...

A well-known problem with Hintikka-style logics of knowledge is that of logical omniscience. One knows too much. This breaks down into two subproblems: one knows all tautologies, and one’s knowledge is closed under consequence. A way of addressing the second of these is to move from knowledge simpliciter, to knowledge for a reason. Then, as consequences become ‘further away’ from one’s basic kn...