Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer-membrane-bound isolated from biofluids and tissues. Recently, these organelles have been recognized as a novel mode for inter intra-cellular communication. The three critical subtypes of EVs include exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies. They can be discriminated according to their size, cargo, biogenesis, release pathways, functions. These ...

The aim of this study was production and partial purification of α-amylase enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis. B. Licheniformis was allowed to grow in broth culture for purpose of inducing α-amylase enzyme. Optimal conditions for amylase production by B. Licheniformis are incubation period of 120 h, temperature of 37 °C and pH 7.0. The α-amylase enzyme was purified by ion exchange chromatography ...

A gram-negative bacterium isolated from activated sludge was able to utilize up to 25 mM phosphonoacetate as the sole carbon and phosphorus source, with simultaneous excretion of virtually equimolar levels of phosphate. 2-Aminoethylphosphonate was similarly utilized with equivalent growth rates and cellular yields, while 3-aminopropyl-, 4-aminobutyl-, methyl-, ethyl-, and phenylphosphonates ser...

The adverse effects of microcystin (MC) produced by cyanobacteria have drawn considerable attention from the public. Yet it remains unclear whether MC confers any benefits to the cyanobacteria themselves. One suggested function of MC is complexation, which may influence the bioaccumulation and toxicity of trace metals. To test this hypothesis, we examined Cd toxicity to wild-type Microcystis ae...

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient required for critical biological reactions that maintain the normal homoeostatic control of the cell. This element is an important component of different cellular structures, including nucleic acids and cell membranes. Adequate phosphorus balance is vital for maintaining basic cellular functions, ranging from energy metabolism to cell signalling. In addition,...

The effects of phosphate depletion (PD) of 4, 8, and 12 weeks on skeletal muscle energy metabolism were studied in rats fed a phosphate deficiency diet and compared with rats pairfed with a normal phosphate diet. Skeletal muscle biopsy specimens were examined for energy production, transport, and utilization. The results show that already by 4 weeks of PD, the concentration of inorganic phospho...

Objective: Echium amoenum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. is used for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine. This plant is a major source of anthocyanins with beneficial cardiovascular properties such as anti-atherosclerotic and antihypertensive effects. In the present study, the protective and antioxidant effects of anthocyanin-rich E. amoenum extract were evaluated on human vascular en...

In 22 patients (19 men, 3 women; mean [+/- SD] age, 63 +/- 6 years) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), phosphorus content was measured by spectrophotometric methods on muscle fragments of both peripheral (quadriceps femoris needle biopsy in 22 patients) and respiratory muscles (external intercostal muscle surgical biopsy in 14 patients). Thirty age- and sex-matched subjects were...