Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is not rare and occurs mainly in the head and neck region. Cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Sinonasal tuberculosis is known to occur very rarely due to the protective functions of sinonasal mucosa. Although some signs of sinonasal tuberculosis may be present, such as associated facial abscesses, the symptoms...

Pleural tuberculosis and lymph node involvement are the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis. Most patients with pleural involvement complain of pleuritic chest pain, nonproductive cough, and dyspnea. The pleural effusion is usually unilateral and small to moderate in size. The diagnosis depends on the demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in pleural fluid or biopsy specimens,...

According to the World Health Organization, more than 2 billion people are estimated to be infected with tuberculosis (TB) and approximately 95% of tuberculosis cases occur in developing countries. Extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis constitute approximately one-sixth of all cases and the prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) seems to be rising, particularly due to increasing prevalen...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the greatest problems in public health. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects about one third of the world's population, of whom more than 80% are living in developing countries. The incidence and prevalence of TB are very different in various parts of Iran and also throughout the world. Golestan province is one of the areas in the country where th...

A three-year retrospective study has demonstrated the effect of extrapulmonary tuberculosis on safety within a routine bacteriology laboratory. The investigation showed that, from 112 patients, 162 specimens considered to present a risk to laboratory staff were processed outside of the B1 protective area. However, it was estimated that only 51 of those specimens were heavily positive. Of these ...

BACKGROUND The two interferon-γ release assays such as QuantiFERON-TB Gold / In-Tube (QFT-TB) and T-SPOT.TB-are useful tools for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) but can yield indeterminate test results (ITRs). While some studies have identified risk factors for ITRs in the QFT-TB test, there have been few such studies for the T-SPOT.TB test. The aim of this study was to investigate the...

Extrapulmonary sites of tuberculosis must not be neglected as they are not so rarely fortuitous discovering. The morphological diagnosis of tuberculosis is generally easy to do. However, there are the atypical lesions rising diagnostic difficulties. The authors reviewed the histopathological diagnostic in 19 cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis lesions selected from 390 cases of surgical extrap...

Objective. To study demographic, clinical characteristics and concomitant pathology of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Gomel city region for the period 2017-2021. evaluate informative value different techniques detection Mycobacterium (MBT) non-respiratory samples diagnosis tuberculosis. Materials methods. A retrospective cases registered from 2017 to 2021 (308 patients) was...

AIM To assess HIV associated tuberculosis in a high tuberculosis prevalence setting and its status in the clinical case definition of AIDS. METHODS All HIV patients attending the infectious disease clinic, Varanasi, India between January 2001 and December 2003 were included in the study. They were stratified into three distinct immunological categories depending on their CD4 levels in accorda...