in this paper, a novel patch geodesic derivative pattern (pgdp) describing the texture map of a face through its shape data is proposed. geodesic adjusted textures are encoded into derivative patterns for similarity measurement between two 3d images with different pose and expression variations. an extensive experimental investigation is conducted using the publicly available bosphorus and bu-3...

Identifying a person primarily relies on their facial features, which even distinguish identical twins. As result, recognition and identification become crucial for distinguishing individuals. Biometric authentication technology, specifically systems, are utilized to verify one’s identity. This technology has gained popularity in modern applications, such as phone unlock criminal home security ...