The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was developed by Cloninger (1986) to measure heritable variation in three patterns of response to environmental stimuli: novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence. Cloninger (1987) used the TPQ to identify two types of alcoholism: Type 1 (low novelty seeking, high harm avoidance and reward dependence; both male and female) and Type...

BACKGROUND Burden of tobacco epidemic has swiftly moved to developing countries making the exploration of predictors of quitting tobacco usage extremely important. AIM To assess the willingness to quit tobacco use and to ascertain the predictors of quitting tobacco as well as tobacco dependency by employing Fagerstrom scale. METHODS The study consisted of 252 subjects visiting the Public He...

Abstract Background: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and some of the related factors among schizophrenic and other hospitalized psychiatric patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 120 patients hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kerman in 2005. Patients were equally devided in two groups of schizophrenia and other psychiatr...

INTRODUCTION Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has a significant impact on quality of life-related health. AIM It was the detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by using telemetric methods and the investigation of the quality of life for people working in Shipbuilding Industry compared with a control group. METHODS A group of one hundred men working in the shipbuildin...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and its effectiveness as a screening tool for problematic alcohol, tobacco and other psychoactive substance use in groups of low, moderate, and high risk users. METHODS A test battery including the ASSIST and several standardized screening, assess...

BACKGROUND Considering the need for a better understanding of smoking among the student population and its impact on their mental health and their success, this study was conducted in Kerman Medical Sciences University. METHODS This cross-sectional study on 772 students, chosen by random sampling, was conducted in 2007. Subjects were assessed with 28-question questionnaires that included demo...

OBJECTIVE Smoking is an important risk factor in the development of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study was designed to investigate the relationship between nicotine dependence level and the development of CAP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was performed to measure nicotine dependence level (NDL). Subjects with a Fagerstrom score (FS) of 5...

Numerous cases of congenital obstruction of the urethra are reported in the literature. The more frequent causes are posterior urethral valves, urethral bar, hypertrophy of the verumontanum, and contracture of the internal sphincter (Thompson, 1942; Fagerstrom, 1937). Less common defects include diverticulum and atresia of the urethra, and cysts of the urethral glands. The following is a rare c...

Reducing the prevalence of smoking among teenagers who smoked by increasing the rate of smoking cessation is among the feasible long term measures to reduce health problems related to smoking among Malaysian population. However, previous studies have revealed that addiction to nicotine is one of the identified barriers for adolescent smokers to quit smoking (1). Identification of their addictio...