Since the very early days of electronic components failures have continuously been appearing. In spite of enormous development and production improvements this situation has not changed. Even automated equipment faults continue to be created on circuit boards. There is not a single manufacturing technique that will guarantee the 100 percent fault free circuit board. Each new technology creates ...

Stacking faults in CoCrTa/Cr, CoCrPt/NiAl, and CoCrPt/Cr/NiAl films have been studied by electron diffraction. Interfacial lattice match and epitaxial growth play important roles in reducing the stacking fault density. It is found that the bicrystal media has large stacking fault densities. In the unicrystal media case, when good epitaxy between magnetic layer and underlayer cannot be achieved,...

Since source code is the ultimate definition of the behavior of a software product, changes to source code become the critical factor in understanding behavioral changes and predicting faults. In studies on source code changes, text or syntactic approaches have been widely used. Textual analysis focuses on changed text fragments while syntactic analysis focuses on changed syntactic entities. Al...

References 1] M. Abramovici and P. R. Menon. A practical approach to fault simulation and test generation for bridging faults. IEEE Transactions on Computers , C-34:658{663, 1985. 2] J. M. Acken and S. D. Millman. Accurate mod-eling and simulation of bridging faults. In Pro-Campbell. Double-bridge test structure for the evaluation of type, size and density of spot defects. foreach feedback brid...

This paper presents accurate fault models, an accurate fault simulation technique, and a new fault coverage metric for resistive bridging faults in gate level combinational circuits at nominal and reduced power supply voltages. We demonstrate that some faults have unusual behavior, which has been observed in practice. On the ISCAS85 benchmark circuits we show that a zero-ohm bridge fault model ...

Long-period long-duration (LPLD) seismic events that have been observed during hydraulic stimulation of shalegas and tight-gas reservoirs appear to represent slow shear slip on relatively large faults. Within the limitations of the recording geometry, we determine the areas in the reservoirs where the events are located in two case studies in the Barnett shale. In one data set, LPLD events appe...