Palaeodemographic studies of animals using frequency distributions of radiocarbon dates are increasingly used in studies of Quaternary extinction but are complicated by taphonomic bias, or the loss of material through time. Current taphonomic models are based on the temporal frequency distributions of sediments, but bone is potentially lost at greater rates because not all sedimentary contexts ...

Soil faunal communities are often phylogenetically diverse and the accurate assessment of the taxonomic structure of these communities is both time-consuming and requires a high level of taxonomic expertise. Here we describe a DNA sequence-based methodology for characterizing soil microand mesofaunal communities that is similar to the molecular approaches commonly used to survey soil microbial ...

Deaths from exposure to cold in the United States totalled 287 in 1932, 319 in 1933. Every year many individuals are found in a critical hypothermic state, in which there are changes in the nervous control of the body that characterize the condition and are significant in therapy. Studies have been made of monkeys,5 cats2 6 and guineapigs2 which were anesthetized and placed in a cold environmen...

The Middle Stone Age (MSA) sediments of Porc-Epic Cave near Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, have produced a large assemblage of archaeofaunal remains dating to the later periods of the Late Pleistocene. As one of the few MSA faunal assemblages from East Africa subject to detailed analysis, it provides rare insight into the foraging behavior of the early modern humans in this region. The MSA fauna include ...