This paper derives the directional derivative expression of Taylor formula for two-variable function from Taylor formula of one-variable function. Further, it proposes a new concept, fractional directional differentiation FDD , and corresponding theories. To achieve the numerical calculation, the paper deduces power series expression of FDD. Moreover, the paper discusses the construction of FDD...

This paper presents a novel First Order Plus Fractional Diffusive Delay (FOPFDD) model, capable of modeling delay dominant systems with high accuracy. The novelty the FOPFDD is (FDD) term, an exponential non-integer order $\alpha$, i.e. $e^{-(Ls)^{\alpha}}$ in Laplace domain. special cases $\alpha = 0.5$ and 1$ have already been investigated thoroughly. In this work $\alpha$ generalized to any ...

Automated fault detection and diagnostic (FDD) systems have the potential to reduce equipment downtime, service costs, and utility costs. However, very few commercial products exist and the ones that do exist are very specialized. This may be surprising to some, considering that FDD is very well developed for other applications such as for nuclear power plants, aircraft, chemical process plants...

This paper studies the influence of the Active Set main parameters in different UTRA-FDD scenarios by evaluating the system capacity, as well as BS and UE transmitted power levels. Some of the parameters obtained as outputs of the proposed Power Control algorithm (PC) can be also easily used to optimise the admission procedure and scenario capacity, while avoiding cell congestion.

Commercial buildings often experience faults that produce undesirable behavior in building systems. Building faults waste energy, decrease occupants’ comfort, and increase operating costs. Automated fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) tools for buildings help building owners discover and identify the root causes of faults in building systems, equipment, and controls. Proper implementation of FD...

This position paper focuses on refining an agile processes approach named FDD to make it more aspect-oriented, hence a natural candidate for early aspects. We show that only a slight refinement is needed to adapt FDD to aspect-oriented development. Within the refinement, all requirements, be they concerns (architectural, non-functional and functional) or properties or rules, are described by us...

This paper describes a powerful formulation to solve UTRA-FDD Power Allocation for both UL and DL, considering Soft Handover, multiple services, as well as dynamic changes. Some of the parameters obtained as outputs of the Power Control algorithm (PC) can be also easily used to optimise the admission procedure and evaluate system capacity, while avoiding cell congestion.

Poorly maintained, degraded, and improperly controlled equipment wastes an estimated 15% to 30% of energy used in commercial buildings. Much of this waste could be prevented with widespread adoption of automated condition-based maintenance. Automated fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) along with prognostics provide a cornerstone for condition-based maintenance of engineered systems. Although...

The viable deployment of both UMTS Terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) modes, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) in additional and diverse spectrum arrangement will be investigated. Simulations are performed to study the interference between UTRATDD and the UTRA-FDD having adjacent channel carriers. This expansion spectrum will be predominantly used for expandin...

BACKGROUND Impaired flow-dependent, endothelium-mediated vasodilation (FDD) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) results, at least in part, from accelerated degradation of nitric oxide by oxygen radicals. The mechanisms leading to increased vascular radical formation, however, remain unclear. Therefore, we determined endothelium-bound activities of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ec...