Samples of drinking water from different sources in greater Cairo, Egypt, and bottled drinking water were tested for total coliform, fecal coliform, and coliphage populations. Of the 147 samples tested, 4 samples were positive for both total coliforms and coliphage, 65 samples were negative for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and coliphage, and 78 samples were positive for coliphage and negat...

The extraction and immunoassay of fecal steroids is an increasingly common technique, used in both captive and field studies to provide an approximation of an animal's circulating concentration of hormones through non-invasive methods. Storage of fecal samples is of critical concern because fecal bacteria metabolize fecal steroids within hours after deposit. Ethanol is often used as a preservat...

BACKGROUND:Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), also known ascalf scours, is caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites.Coronavirus is one of the important causes of NCD syndrome.Electron microcopy has been used for demonstration of virusesin fecal samples of diarrheic calves since 1969. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence ofcoronavirus in fecal samples of neonatal calf di...

Diagnosis of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is stymied by the lack of 1 diagnostic tool that can be used to detect both subclinically and clinically infected animals. At present, fecal culture remains the single diagnostic test that can detect infection in both disease states provided the animals actively shed Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in their feces. Yet, fecal culture has a disadvant...

Accurate indicators of fecal pollution are needed in order to minimize public health risks associated with wastewater contamination in recreational waters. However, the bacterial indicators currently used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogens. Here we demonstrate that the plant pathogen Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) is widespread and abundant in wastewa...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of isolation of polio and other viruses from fecal samples in subjects with acute flaccid paralysis in northern parts of India. SETTING Rural and Urban Immunization Centers used for Expanded Programme on Immunization. METHODS 219 fecal samples were collected by anal tube in 1992 from Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Chandigarh and processed for virus...

Culture-independent fecal source tracking methods have many potential advantages over library-dependent, isolate-culture methods, but they have been subjected to limited testing. The purpose of this study was to compare culture-independent, library-independent methods of fecal source tracking. Five laboratories analysed identical sets of aqueous samples that contained one or more of the followi...