Silicon, with its great abundance and mature infrastructure, is a foundational material for a range of applications, such as electronics, sensors, solar cells, batteries, and thermoelectrics. These applications rely on the purification of Si to different levels. Recently, it has been shown that nanosized silicon can offer additional advantages, such as enhanced mechanical properties, significan...

Magnesium raw materials are available worldwide. In the free market, the prevailing price of primary magnesium metal determines which combinations of raw material/extraction method are economically viable. Over the last 20 years, China’s exports benefited from favourable currency exchange rates and positive relations with the USA and European countries. Lax environmental regulations, in conjunc...

Magnesium (Mg) is a lightweight metal with applications in transportation and sustainable battery technologies, but its current production through ore reduction using the conventional Pidgeon process emits large amounts of CO2 and particulate matter (PM2.5). In this work, a novel Pidgeon process driven by microwaves has been developed to produce Mg metal with less energy consumption and no dire...