with regard to the islamic ban on usury, muslim governments and companies that intend to raise funds have to utilize financial instruments which, besides having economic and financial justification, need to be consistent with the principles and provisions of the jurisprudence. meanwhile, given the different motivations and interests of investors, diversity in financial instruments is a fundamen...

The current financial crisis: a brief reminder. As is well known, one of the main causes of the 2008 financial crisis is the fact that banks underestimated the risk of investing in high-risk mortgages. According to the news reports, this underestimation was caused by the banks “mixing” mortgages into complex financial instruments, which somehow lowered the estimated risks. The mixing means, cru...

Despite the rather long period of solving environmental issues and research, problems attracting green financial instruments as sources financing stimulating development implementation clean technologies have not been sufficiently studied. The aim study is to: conduct a theoretical analysis available data; identify trends propose their classification; formulate hypotheses for instruments; apply...