The effects of flame treatment on the surface characteristics of four injection moulded, automotive grade, polypropylene samples, pigmented with carbon black, have been studied. The changes in wettability have been monitored by water contact angle and Dyne inks, whilst XPS has been used to establish the changes in oxygen surface concentration as a function of flame treatment. As expected carbon...

Investigations into the chemical composition of soot particles often rely on samples extracted from the flame environment for subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry. These mass spectra have contributed to the general consensus that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are involved in soot nucleation and surface growth processes. In the pioneering work of Dobbins et al., soot and soot precu...

Plastics are complex mixtures consisting of a polymer and additives with different physico-chemical properties. We developed a broad screening method to elucidate the nature of compounds present in plastics used in electrical/electronic equipment commonly found at homes (e.g., electrical adaptors, computer casings, heaters). The analysis was done by (a) solvent extraction followed by liquid chr...

in this work, a selective method for separation and preconcentration of nickel ions at trace level on modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes columns and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas) has been developed. multiwalled carbon nanotubes were oxidized with concentrated hno3 and then modified with loading 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol. the sorption of ni(ii) ions was quantit...

An improved soot diagnostics technique based on tomographic reconstruction of flame emission spectra has been developed for an axisymmetric laminar diffusion flame without optically-thin assumption. Emission from the flame is scanned along the horizontal lateral axis of flame at several altitudes above the burner. At each measurement position, the local line-of-sight flame emission spectra is c...

Recent innovations in ambient ionization technology for the direct analysis of various samples in their native environment facilitate the development and applications of mass spectrometry in natural science. Presented here is a novel, convenient and flame-based ambient ionization method for mass spectrometric analysis of organic compounds, termed as the ambient flame ionization (AFI) ion source...

A method for the determination of lead, cobalt, nickel, chromium, zinc and manganese in iron minerals siderite (FeCO3), hematite (Fe2O3), pyrite and marcasite (FeS2)by flame and Zeeman electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was developed. Interferences were investigated by measuring the absorbance of the elements investigated in series of samples with varying mass ratios of the e...

We review atomic flame spectrometry of metals based on the selective laser-enhancement of the rate of atomic ionization. A discussion of basic principles, prior literature, and instrumentation is followed by an overview of analytical figures of merit for the technique, and a look at its present status and areas for future development.

Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry has five major advantages for measurements of trace metals in biological materials, in comparison to measure­ ments by conventional flame atomic absorption analysis: (1) Trace metal contami­ nation is minimized by avoidance of preliminary chemical extractions and addi­ tions of reagents; (2) Sample volumes are small (1 to 50 /*1). The entire sample ...