1. A study has been undertaken in six healthy male subjects to clarify whether post-proximal segments of the nephron contribute to the renal handling of lithium under conditions of maximal forced osmotic load diuresis and arginine vasopressin-induced antidiuresis. Increments in the fractional clearance of free water, as a measure of effect at the proximal tubule, were positively correlated with...

Grapheme–color synesthetes perceive particular colors when seeing a letter, word or number (grapheme). Functional neuroimaging studies have provided some evidence in favor of a neural basis for this type of synesthesia. Most of these studies have reported extra activations in the fusiform gyrus, which is known to be involved in color, letter and word processing. The present study examined diffe...

Upper respiratory symptoms .21 Yes (n 1⁄4 156) 36 (20-56) Fractional excretion of nitric oxide is associated with acute pediatric asthma exacerbation severity as measured by % predicted FEV1 and is greater in African American patients in comparison with white pediatric patients during exacerbations. Knowledge of these associations might inform the use of fractional excretion of nitric oxide bef...

1. The renal excretion of phosphate was studied in dogs under control conditions and during infusion of ethacrynic acid or frusemide at different levels of filtered load. 2. Both of these diuretic compounds significantly enhanced the fractional excretion of phosphate at normal and moderately decreased filtered loads, and a good correlation between fractional excretions of sodium and phosphate c...

To investigate the metabolic differences of calcium requirements between Chinese and Westerners, we examined systematically the characteristics of calcium metabolism in Chinese adults with habitual dietary calcium intakes. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, and National Index to Chinese Newspapers & Periodicals, from inception to March 17, 2015, as well as the bibliographies of any ...

A practical procedure for evaluating uricosuric agents was demonstrated using clearance experiments with potassium oxonate-treated rats. The fractional excretion value of uric acid showed a reabsorptive net flux of uric acid in the renal tubules of the animal, though the value was obviously higher than those of primates such as men, chimpanzees and cebus monkeys. However, the rats responded wel...

Renal sodium handling was studied in 23 children at three different stages of the minimal change nephrotic syndrome--the oedema forming state, proteinuric steady state, and remission. Clearances of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid and urinary sodium excretion were determined basally, after intravenous infusion of isotonic saline and hyperoncotic albumin, and after furosemide injection. Absolu...

BACKGROUND Zinc deficiency is increasingly recognized as an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Children in developing countries are at especially high risk because of relatively low zinc intakes and poor bioavailability. OBJECTIVE We assessed the effect of 2-wk adaptation to low zinc intake (4 mg/d) on fractional zinc absorption, endogenous fecal zinc excretion, and urinary zinc excr...

BURNEXT,JOHNC., JR., JOEY P.GRANGER, AND TERRY J. OPGENORTH. Effects of synthetic atrid nutriuretic factor on renal function and renin release. Am. J. Physiol. 247 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 16): F863-F866,1984.-Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs (n = 5) to determine the effects of synthetic atrial natriuretic factor on renal function and renin release. Intrarenal infusion of sy...

The role of the proximal tubule in the natriuresis after volume expansion was investigated by evaluating sodium excretion both in the presence and absence of increased delivery from the proximal tubule. Proximal delivery was calculated from fractional reabsorption in superficial proximal tubules determined by micropuncture and glomerular filtration rate of the micropunctured kidney. Infusion of...