A free semigroup with involution (FSI) is essentially the set of words over a given alphabet plus an operator which reverses words. The paper introduces equations in FSI and show that they are the right objects to deal with when studying the complexity of equations in free groups. On these lines, we generalize to FSI several results valid for word equations, like the overlapping lemma, the 2O(|...

The characteristics of physiological blood flow in human carotid arterial bifurcation model have been numerically studied using a fully coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. This computational model with the fluid-structure interaction is constructed to investigate the flow characteristics and wall shear stress in the carotid artery. As the flow begins to decelerate after the peak...

This retrospective study aimed at assessing the reliability of morphometric measurements performed on the frontal sinus using the frontal sinus index (FSI) for sex determination on cranio-facial and sinuses CBCT scans. 77 CBCT explorations were performed by Planmeca 3D Mid (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) and Romexis 3.6 software (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) on adult individuals. The FSI was dete...

The paper presents an application of the FSI technique to determine hemodynamics in the abdominal aorta (AA). To establish boundary conditions for the FSI study, MR anatomical data and 4D MRI velocity-mapping data (in three blood flow velocity directions and time) were collected to acquire realistic geometry of the AA and blood velocity. The mechanical parameters of the patient-specific aortic ...

Measuring atmospheric CO2 from space using Full Spectral Initiation (FSI) WFM-DOAS M. P. Barkley, U. Frieß, and P. S. Monks EOS, Space Research Centre, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK now at: Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg, Germany Received: 6 December 2005...

This paper analyzes the relationship between sustainability views, drivers and barriers and concrete procurement practices for sustainability in the German food service industry (FSI), building on earlier work of Rankin et al. (2011) on this topic. Further innovation lies in the explicit regard to product-specific differences in the importance and level of implementation of sustainable sourcing...

It was predicted by Watson and Migdal [1] that close to threshold the energy dependence of the cross section is dominated by the Final State Interaction (FSI). Within the Watson-Migdal approximation the transition amplitude is factorized in terms of the production and FSI amplitudes. Further study were performed by Gottfried and Jackson [2] with introduction the absorptive correction to the Bor...

We investigate the reactions D(e, ep)n and D(~e, ep)n at GeV energies and discuss the opportunities to distinguish between different models for the nuclear ground state by measuring the response functions. In calculating the final-state interaction (FSI) we employ Glauber theory, and we also include relativistic effects in the electromagnetic current. We include not only the central FSI, but al...

We are presenting here the new formulae for Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) which contain effects of final state interactions (FSI) of both strong (in s-wave) and electromagnetic origin. We demonstrate the importance of FSI in BEC by analysing data for e + e − annihilation and for heavy collisions. The inclusion of FSI results in the practical elimination (at least in e + e − data) of the so c...