Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is one of the more commonly encountered forms of noninvasive fungal rhinosinusitis, seen in immunecompetent individuals. It is caused by a Gell and Coombs Type I, IgE mediated (and possibly Type III) hypersensitivity reaction to an extramucosal fungal antigen. It bears striking similarities to Allergic Broncho Pulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA), in terms of pat...

Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is a potentially fatal infection that affects immunocompromised patients. Prognosis is generally poor despite aggressive medical and surgical treatments. We present the first reported case of invasive fungal sinusitis in a healthy 18-year-old male athlete who was taking anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). The effects of excessive AAS use on the immune system are n...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the literature on the use of amphotericin irrigation for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. RECENT FINDINGS Although the etiology of acute rhinosinusitis is usually bacterial in nature, the exact etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis is unclear. Recent literature reports pointed to fungal colonization as a likely pathogenesis. It was hypothesized that a nonaller...

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a unique variety of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis usually in atopic individuals, characterized by presence of eosinophilic mucin and fungal hyphae in paranasal sinuses without invasion into surrounding mucosa. It has emerged as an important disease involving a large population across the world with geographic variation in incidence and epidemiology. Th...

BACKGROUND Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is an uncommon disease with high mortality rates. There is currently no consensus on the best treatment timing. We studied the impact of the treatment timing on the survival of patients experiencing invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of patients suffering from invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. The duration of symp...

Sinonasal polyposis is considered to be the end-result of a chronic inflammatory process in the sinonasal mucosa. Its underlying mechanisms are still unclear, but the involvement of fungi has been suggested for many years. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical and mycological profile of 161 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal polyps who were undergoing...

BACKGROUND Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is a lethal infectious process afflicting immunocompromised individuals. Knowledge about this disease is still limited due to the scarcity of animal models designed to study the pathogenesis of this infection. Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells that participate in a variety of allergic and inflammatory conditions. Limited attention has be...

Unilateral sinus disease (USD) can sometimes be difficult to accurately diagnose before surgery. The application of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) for USD diagnosis and its surgical outcome in USD has not been reported in the literature. We prospectively enrolled sixty-six USD patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for fungal rhinosinusitis (n = 19), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without nasa...

Background: Rhinosinusitis (RS) poses a major health problem, substantially affecting quality of life, productivity, and finances. Materials & methods: The study was conducted in the Department Otorhinolaryngology, Adesh Institute Medical Science Research, Bathinda on admitted patients chronic rhinosinusitis suspected with fungal sinusitis. specimen obtained during surgery sent for culture....