This paper introduces a set of axioms that define convex risk measures. Duality theory provides the representation theorem for these measures and the link with pricing rules. 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. JEL classification: G11; G12; G13

Regulation of multiple adenylyl cyclases (AC) provides unique inputs to mediate the synthesis of cAMP, a ubiquitous second messenger that controls many aspects of cellular function. On stimulation by Gs, the activities of ACs can be further selectively modulated by other pathways to ensure precise control of intracellular cAMP responses to specific stimuli. Recently, we reported that one of the...

We develop a novel boundary integral formulation for the steady linearized form of Grad's 13-moment (G13) equations applied to uniform flow rarefied gas past solid objects at low Mach numbers. Changing variables leads system that combines from Stokes and potential theory. The strong coupling between stress deviator heat flux featured by G13 demands adding equation pressure. specialize an axisym...

7 Article history: 8 Received 15 November 2012 9 Received in revised form 25 January 2013 10 Accepted 29 January 2013 11 Available online xxxx 1234 15 JEL classification: 16 C15 17 C32 18 G13 19 G15 20

Human cytomegalovirus is a significant agent of hepatic involvement in neonates. In this study, we investigated the polymorphisms and features of the viral genes UL144 and UL146 as well as their significance to congenital hepatic involvement. In 79 neonates with congenital cytomegalovirus infection and hepatic involvement, full length UL144 and UL146 were successfully amplified in 73.42% and 60...

The main objective of this research was to evaluate fourteen oat (Avena sativa L.) landraces and cultivars for drought tolerance using several indices. The trials were conducted both under rain-fed and irrigated conditions for three growing seasons (2001–2004) in two locations in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Biplot analysis based on the Spearman’s rank correlation matrix revealed tha...

for a ring endomorphism $alpha$ and an $alpha$-derivation $delta$, we introduce a concept, so called skew $pi$-armendariz ring, that is a generalization of both $pi$-armendariz rings, and $(alpha,delta)$-compatible skew armendariz rings. we first observe the basic properties of skew $pi$-armendariz rings, and extend the class of skew $pi$-armendariz rings through various ring extensions. we nex...