Impact stress (IS) has been regarded as the main loading factor in voice production. To quantify the cost of voice production, an output-cost ratio (OCR) was proposed, which concerns acoustic output (pressure P) in relation to IS: OCR = 20 log P(sup)/P(0) - 20 log IS/IS(0) [1,2]. IS is difficult to measure directly in humans. However, it has been found to correlate with closed quotient (CQ, clo...

This paper is concerned with the role of the output-capital ratio in growth models. In the first part we highlight the behaviour of the output-capital ratio along the balanced growth path in the models of Solow (1956) and Romer (1986). In the second part we assess the stability of the ratio for some industrial countries. JEL classification: O40, N10

Packet queuing and scheduling, two of the critical components in an input-queued packet switch, have been extensively studied in the context of either pure unicast traffic or pure multicast traffic. Unfortunately, the results from a study in one context are not applicable to the other context. The design of integrated scheduling for both types of traffic remains an open issue. This paper deals ...

Introduction: The head scatter factor (Sc) is one of the important parameters for monitor unit (MU) calculation. There are multiple factors that impact the Sc values, such as, head structures, back scattering in to dose monitoring chambers, wedges and so on. This study aimed to investigate the variations of SC with different build-up cap materials, wall thickness, Source to ...