simulation of gamma and hadron showers in the energy range 100gev- 25tev has been carried out. for a big ideal cherenkov light array, characteristics of lateral distribution of cherenkov photon density have been studied. results from this ideal detector are compared with those simulated for a real tunka- like array to investigate experimental potential of using existence of a hump in lateral di...

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a compact neutron detector that is sensitive to thermal and epithermal neutrons and has high rejection efficiency relative to gamma-ray background. A two-channel high-pressure He scintillation detector is considered for the detection of neutrons in coincidence mode. The detector consists of two large avalanche photodi...

Notice: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The publisher by accepting the manuscript for publication acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscrip...

Milagro is a unique water Cherenkov detector designed for very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. The water Cherenkov technique gives Milagro an unprecedented sensitivity and energy threshold. A deep detector layer is used to identify penetrating particles (muons and hadrons) present in hadron induced showers allowing for the rejection of backgrounds which substantially increases sensitivit...

Nondestructive assay of gamma-ray emitting nuclear waste requires modeling because it is not practical to prepare a standard that matches the physical and nuclear properties of every waste item. The use of a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector simplifies the spectral analysis process. Many models use simplified efficiency determinations and attenuation corrections. These models often work wel...

Monte Carlo Method is used to simulate a double layer gadolinium-amorphous silicon thermal neutron detector. The detector fabricated in pixel array configuration has various applications including neutron imaging. According to the simulation results, a detector consisting of a gadolinium (Gd) film with thickness of 2-4 ~m, sandwiched properly with two layers of sufficiently thick (-30 ?µm) hydr...

The aerial measuring terrestrial gamma radiation from airborne platforms is a useful method for characterizing the radiation levels over large areas. Because of the advantage of Monte Carlo method, it is very suitable for simulation of gamma ray transport and interaction with media (soil, air, aircraft and detector), which offer alternative means of estimating detector response and calibration ...

The Milagro Gamma Ray Observatory, located at an altitude of 8,600 feet in the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico, is the world’s first large-area water Cherenkov detector capable of continuously monitoring the entire sky for sources of TeV gamma rays. It is uniquely capable of searching for transient sources of VHE gamma rays. The core of the detector is a 60m x 80m x 8m pond instrumented with 723 ...

By measuring the concentration of four xenon radioisotopes in the atmosphere, the International Monitoring System (IMS) can verify nuclear weapons tests around the world. To measure ultra-low concentrations of radioxenons, many detection systems, such as the Automated Radioxenon Sampler and Analyzer (ARSA) and the Swedish Automatic Unit for Noble gas Acquisition (SAUNA), have been developed and...