The classical problem of the fluid mechanics is the problem of a supersonic motion around a thin body was generalized to the case of non-equilibrium gas. The drag and lift force coefficients were founded. It is shown that the drag and lift force coefficients in the acoustically active supersonic flow are both decreased.

3.1 Overview 3.2 Overview of Nodal Analysis 3.3 Selection and Determination of Tubing and Production Casing Sizes for Flowing Wells Importance of Sensitivity Analysis of Tubing Size Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Tubing Size of Flowing Well Optimization Method Based on Surface Tubing Pressure Derived by Given Separator Pressure Optimization Method Based on the Given Wellhead Tubing Pr...

The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus hydrothermalis was cultivated in continuous culture in a gas-lift bioreactor in the absence of elemental sulphur on both proteinaceous and maltose-containing media. Optimal conditions (pH, temperature and gas flow rate), determined on complex media that yielded maximal growth rate and maximal steady state cell density, were obtained at 80 degrees C, p...

Using a model-based optimization, a neural network model is used to compute the optimal values of gas injection rate and oil rate of a gas lift production system. Two cases are analyzed: a) A single well production system and b) A production system composed by two gas lifted wells. For both cases minimizing the objective function of the proposed strategy shows the ability of the neural networks...

When the natural energy of an oil field is not enough to fluid lift, we need a secondary recovery procedure on the well (normally, this is called artificial lift) [I]. For this case, we can use different techniques such as artificial lift by gas (ALG) [I ] . The idea of the ALG is to inject gas, and in this way to lighten the fluid. The design of this system must be made very carefully. One of ...

Gas lift valves are widely used in oil production fields to pump recycled gas and nitrogen into the production tubing, to sustain production by aerating the oil and lifting it to the ground or sea surface. Today's industry standard, a pressure-actuated valve, is susceptible to various modes of failure, including corrosion and jamming. Safety mechanisms are needed to seal the valve in case of a ...