Natural gas consumption has grown from 5.0 trillion cubic feet (TCF) in 1949 to 27.0 TCF in 2014 and is expected to be ;31.6 TCF in 2040. This large demand requires an effective technology to purify natural gas. Nitrogen is a significant impurity in natural gas and has to be removed since it decreases the natural gas energy content. The benchmark technology to remove nitrogen from natural gas i...

Gas separation only became a major industrial application of membrane technology in the past 30 years, but the study of gas permeation through membranes has a long history. Systematic studies began with Thomas Graham who, over a period of 20 years, measured the permeation rates of all the gases then known, through every diaphragm available to him [1]. This was no small task because his experime...

carbon membrane can be produced using a wide variety of polymer precursor materials via heat treatment process. a general concept route of precursor selection-preparation-modification-performance analysis platform for the carbon membrane has been proposed to promote the development of carbon membrane material for a wide range of application. the current review considers the recent progress of c...

Hydrogen energy systems are recognized as a promising solution for the energy shortage and environmental pollution crises. To meet the increasing demand for hydrogen, various possible systems have been investigated for the production of hydrogen by efficient and economical processes. Because of its advantages of being renewable and environmentally friendly, biomass processing has the potential ...

Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester(PE) and cellulose /silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) are a novel method to enhance gas separation performance. Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composite...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) release from the exhaust gas streams of power plants that burn fossil fuels contributes the most emission of this gas, which includes more than half of the greenhouse effects. Thus, the separation of CO2 from exhaust gases is one of the main environmental concerns. Membrane technology, due to many advantages, has attracted many research attentions among the various gas sepa...

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), a subclass of metal organic frameworks, are built of tetrahedral metal ions bridged by imidazolates. They have permanent porosity and relatively high thermal and chemical stability, which make them attractive candidates for many industrial applications. In recent years, significant progress has been made in developing ZIFs into membranes and thin films fo...

   To fabricate a defect free and high performance mixed matrix membrane (MMM), one approach is the functionalization of inorganic nanofillers (as dispersed phase) in the organic polymer matrix (as continuous phase) to modify the interactions between two phases.  For this purpose,, raw multi-walled carbon nanotubes (rMWCNTs) were purified by acid mixture (HNO3/H2SO<sub...

In relation to some inorganic membranes, polymeric membranes have relatively low separation performance. However, the processing flexibility and low cost of polymers still make them highly attractive for many industrial separation applications. Polymer–inorganic hybrid membranes constitute an emerging research field and have been recently developed to improve the separation properties of polyme...