Perspectives In the global burden of disease (GBD) project, the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is used as a measure of disease burden. DALYs combine years of life lost to premature death and years lived with a disability or health condition, weighted for the severity of the condition. This combined measure makes it possible to compare health conditions with different symptoms and outcomes...

Background The global burden of disease (GBD) 2010 study used a universal set of disability weights to estimate disability adjusted life years (DALYs) by country. However, it is not clear whether these weights can be applied universally in calculating DALYs to inform local decision-making. This study derived disability weights for a resource-constrained community in Cape Town, South Africa, and...

BACKGROUND Utilities and disability weights (DWs) are metrics used for calculating Quality-Adjusted Life Years and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), respectively. Utilities can be obtained with multi-attribute instruments such as the EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D). In 2010 and 2013, Salomon et al. proposed a set of DWs for 220 and 183 health states, respectively. The objective...

94 www.thelancet.com Vol 385 January 10, 2015 and Evaluation responded to criticisms and improved its practices. The new GBD 2013 estimates show the vast expansion of collaborators, acquiring primary information even from countries that traditionally provide little data, such as China, Mexico, Turkey, and Russia. The description of methods is more detailed and transparent, and the instruments o...

We present our experience from implementing the public-key cryptosystem of González, Boyd and Dawson. We discuss different computational methods and compare their relative efficiency experimentally. We also compare the efficiency of this cryptosystem with that of the ElGamal cipher.

BACKGROUND Current methods of measuring the population burden of injuries rely on many assumptions and limited data available to the global burden of diseases (GBD) studies. The aim of this study was to compare the population burden of injuries using different approaches from the UK Burden of Injury (UKBOI) and GBD studies. METHODS AND FINDINGS The UKBOI was a prospective cohort of 1,517 inju...

OBJECTIVE To calculate the effect of using two different sets of disability weights for estimates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted by interventions delivered in one hospital in India. METHODS DALYs averted by surgical and non-surgical interventions were estimated for 3445 patients who were admitted to a 106-bed private hospital in a semi-urban area of northern India in 2012-2...

AIMS To compare the estimates and projections of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in Saudi Arabia from a validated Markov model against other modelling estimates, such as those produced by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project. METHODS A discrete-state Markov model was developed and validated that integrates data on...

Membrane Associated Guanylate Kinases (MAGUKs) contain a protein interaction domain (GK(dom)) derived from the enzyme Guanylate Kinase (GK(enz)). Here we show that GK(dom) from the MAGUK Discs large (Dlg) is a phosphoprotein recognition domain, specifically recognizing the phosphorylated form of the mitotic spindle orientation protein Partner of Inscuteable (Pins). We determined the structure o...