Rapid and inexpensive techniques for automatic transcription of speech have the potential to dramatically expand the types of content to which information retrieval techniques can be productively applied, but limitations in accuracy and robustness must be overcome before that promise can be fully realized. Combining retrieval results from systems built on various errorful representations of the...

This study describes a new graphical method for assessing and characterizing e$ect modi%cation by a matching covariate in matched case–control studies. This method to understand e$ect modi%cation is based on a semiparametric model using a varying coe2cient model. The method allows for nonparametric relationships between e$ect modi%cation and other covariates, or can be useful in suggesting para...

We describe the Generalized Additive Family which covers Generalized Linear Model, Generalized Additive Model, Neural Network and Boosting and more. We outline the theoretical features of each member, along with the corresponding implications on actuarial applications. A complete procedure that details the data-scrubbing, preliminary data diagnosis, variable selection, model selection and model...

Secchi depth is a measure of water transparency. In the Baltic Sea region, Secchi depth maps are used to assess eutrophication and as input for habitat models. Due to their spatial and temporal coverage, satellite data would be the most suitable data source for such maps. But the Baltic Sea’s optical properties are so different from the open ocean that globally calibrated standard models suffer...

In many studies where it is known that one or more of the certain covariates have monotonic effect on the response variable, common fitting methods for generalized additive models (GAM) may be affected by a sparse design and often generate implausible results. A fitting procedure is proposed that incorporates the monotonicity assumptions on one or more smooth components within a GAM framework. ...

Variance partitioning methods, which are built upon multivariate statistics, have been widely applied in different taxa and habitats in community ecology. Here, I performed a literature review on the development and application of the methods, and then discussed the limitation of available methods and the difficulties involved in sampling schemes. The central goal of the work is then to propose...

Methods Species presence data were collected from records in the literature and private and public collections. Ecological niche factor analysis was performed to extract pseudo-absences (probable absences), which, together with presence data, were modelled using generalized additive models. The models were run twice. Initially we used only environmental variables, and thereafter additional spat...

As an extension of the traditional Land Use Regression (LUR) modelling, the generalized additive model (GAM) was developed in recent years to explore the non-linear relationships between PM2.5 concentrations and the factors impacting it. However, these studies did not consider the loss of information regarding predictor variables. To address this challenge, a generalized additive model combinin...

The relationship between blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) visual and acoustic encounter rates was quantitatively evaluated using hourly counts of detected whales during shipboard surveys off southern California. Encounter rates were estimated using temporal, geographic, and weather variables within a generalized additive model framework. Visual encounters (2.06 animals/h, CV = 0.10) varied wi...