Here we describe stable isotope based models using hydrogen and carbon isotope ratios to predict geographic region-of-origin and growth environment for marijuana, with the intent of applying these models to analyses of marijuana trafficking in the USA. The models were developed on the basis of eradication specimens and border specimens seized throughout the USA. We tested reliability of the geo...

Granularity as described by Hobbs [5] is a parameter of context that restricts a) the available objects and b) the categories and properties for characterizing objects. Geographic spatial granularity is mainly determined by size, and surfaces in geography as scale-dependency. Goodchild [4] points out that one main specialty of geographic attributes is scale-specificity : A region that is assign...