From geometrical optics, the laws of reflection and refraction, ray tracing techniques, conservation of energy within a bundle of rays, and the condition of constant optical path length provide a foundation for design of laser beam shaping systems. Geometrical optics design methods are presented for shaping the irradiance profile of both rotationally and rectangular symmetric laser beams. Appli...

Abstract Modern cutting tools like end mills, drilling tools, and reamers underlie high requirements regarding geometrical accuracy, edge quality, production costs. However, the potential for process optimization is limited due to kinematics during grinding. Consequently, a novel tool grinding manufacture of has been developed recently at Institute Production Engineering Machine Tools (IFW). Th...

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present an alternative approach to the problem of accuracy estimation for smartdesigns’ class (also named space-filling or intelligent design) by making use of the design’s geometrical properties. Design/methodology/approach: The assumed topographical condition: ‘all design cases have to be on the defined surface’ is reversed into a curvilinear coordinate sy...

The design of the mathematical model of the respiratory system is described in the study. The model has been designed using an electro-acoustic analogy and geometrical dimensions of the morphological models of the respiratory system. The dependence of the geometrical dimension of the airways upon the total lung impedance is studied. Geometrical dimensions of adult respiratory system and neonate...

Geometrical specification is the bridge to link function, design, manufacture and verification together for a product. The next-generation GPS utilizes duality principle to combine specification and verification of a geometrical product tightly, and to ensure its desired intention (functional requirements). This makes the geometrical specification of a product complete and unambiguous, to reduc...

Abstract Background Conventional airship mathematical modeling usually involves six coupled degrees of freedom and two inputs, namely tail thrust. The current study focuses on aerodynamic modeling. model is developed in 3D-space based plane semi-empirical a symmetric airship. depends the main geometrical parameters introduces an optimal shape design objective function established to reduce drag...