Introduction: The impact of climate change on food production in South Africa is likely to increase due low rainfall and frequent droughts, resulting insecurity the future. use well-calibrated validated crop models with data important for assessing impacts developing adaptation strategies. In this study, decision support system agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) model was used predict yield using ...

The scheme of computing the temperature change due to long wave radiation, developed by Manabe and Strickler and incorporated into the general circulation models developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory of ESSA, is compared with a group of other numerical schemes for computing radiative temperature change (e.g., the scheme of Rodgers and Walshaw). It is concluded that the GFDL rad...

Space-time cross spectra are experimentally estimated from given sinusoidal waves by use of the multivariate maximum entropy method. This method gives not only power spectra but also cospectra, phase difference and coherence with fine frequency resolutions from short time records. As an example of its application, a space-time spectral analysis is made of external Rossby waves simulated by a GF...

Clement et al. (Reports, 24 July 2009, p. 460) provided observational evidence for systematic relationships between variations in marine low cloudiness and other climatic variables and found that most current-generation climate models were deficient in reproducing such relationships. Our analysis of one of these models (GFDL CM2.1), using more complete model output, indicates better agreement w...

AffiliAtions: Guilyardi—loceaN/iPSl, Paris, france and NcaS-ciimate, university of reading, reading, united Kingdom; cai—cSiro, aspendale, victoria, australia; collins—university of exeter, exeter, united Kingdom; FEdorov—Yale university, New Haven, connecticut; jin— university of Hawaii at manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; KuMar and sun—Noaa/eSrl, Boulder, colorado; WittEnbErG—Noaa/ gfdl, Princeton, Ne...

The daily average land surface air temperature (SAT) simulated by 8 CMIP5 models historical experiments and that from NCEP data during 1960–2005, are used to evaluate the performance of model based on detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) method. DFA results show SAT in most regions world exhibit long-range correlation. scaling exponents zonal distribution characteristics larg tropics while smal...

The interannual variability of the Indian Ocean, with particular focus on the Indian Ocean dipole/zonal mode (IODZM), is investigated in a 250-yr simulation of the GFDL coupled global general circulation model (CGCM). The CGCM successfully reproduces many fundamental characteristics of the climate system of the Indian Ocean. The character of the IODZM is explored, as are relationships between p...

As part of the Intercomparison of Radiation Codes in Climate Models (ICRCCM) project, careful comparisons of the performance of a large number of radiation codes were carried out, and the results compared with those of benchmark calculations. In this paper, we document the performance of a number of parameterized models which have been heavily used in climate and numerical prediction research a...