The present study examined the effect of multimedia glosses on foreign language listening comprehension. To this end, 94 male students studying at Rasa English Institute in Tehran were selected for the treatment. The participants consisted of three groups, and each group was randomly assigned to one of the following treatment conditions: textual, pictorial, and textual-pictorial glossing....

Abstract While sound glosses from the Six Dynasties and early Tang provide direct evidence for morphological alternations in Archaic Chinese, studies on syntax of this language generally disregard these data. This neglect is due part to perceived unreliability glosses. In paper, I first argue that arguments against their reliability do not stand scrutiny, they are a simple philological curiosit...

This study compared the effects of two annotation modalities on the reading comprehension of Iranian intermediate level EFL learners. The two experimental groups under study received treatment on 10 academic L2 reading passages under one of two conditions: One group received treatment on key words in the reading passages through a multimedia environment providing textual annotations. The second...

Besides synsets and semantic relations, synset glosses are an important feature of wordnets. However, due to the required effort, their creation is sometimes left undone. This happens in Onto.PT, a Portuguese wordnet created automatically, which does not have glosses. In our work, we exploited Portuguese dictionaries to automatically assign definitions to the synsets of Onto.PT. For this purpos...

We present a novel graph-based algorithm for the automated disambiguation of glosses in lexical knowledge resources. A dictionary graph is built starting from senses (vertices) and explicit or implicit relations in the dictionary (edges). The approach is based on the identification of edge sequences which constitute cycles in the dictionary graph (possibly with one edge reversed) and relate a s...

Like most natural language disambiguation tasks, word sense disambiguation (WSD) requires world knowledge for accurate predictions. Several proxies for this knowledge have been investigated, including labeled corpora, user-contributed knowledge, and machine readable dictionaries, but each of these proxies requires significant manual effort to create, and they do not cover all of the ambiguous t...

The objective of this work is to design a translation machine which can translate English text to Indian Sign Language glosses. A number of rule based approaches are identified in this regard, but our approach is based on statistical machine translation for ISL by using a corpus. The corpus is prepared by collecting glosses and sentences used in Indian Railways for announcement and conversation...

This paper presents few extensions to the logic form representation and a method for transforming WordNet glosses into logic forms using a set of high-precision rules combined with a set of high recall heuristics. An almost 3% increase in POS tagging accuracy is achieved over state-of-the art results at the expense of user intervention on only 7.52% of words. We apply a nearest neighbor solutio...