Ofloxacin is an important drug with anti-bacterial effects, and (–)-ofloxacin has been shown to have better activity than racemic ofloxacin. But the chiral resolution of compounds a major challenge worldwide. Many methods do not show high specificity target molecules, causing errors in separation these pharmaceutical thus affecting purity drugs. The paper mainly researches on method for quick o...

Heart, Emma, Woo S. Choi, and Chin K. Sung. Glucosamine-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 278: E103–E112, 2000.—To study molecular mechanisms for glucosamine-induced insulin resistance, we induced complete and reversible insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with glucosamine in a doseand time-dependent manner (maximal effects at 50 mM glucosam...

As estimated from initial uptake rates, the uptake of glucosamine-l-14C by cultured Novikoff rat hepatoma cells in glucose-free basal medium follows normal Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with an apparent Km of about 20 mM. Since glucosamine is not accumulated by the cells against a concentration gradient, the main mode of uptake is by facilitated diffusion, but other evidence indicates that glucosa...

OBJECTIVE Pharmacokinetic data on glucosamine are scant, limiting the understanding of glucosamine sulfate mechanism of action in support of its treatment effects in osteoarthritis. This study investigated the oral pharmacokinetics and dose-proportionality of glucosamine after administration of the patented crystalline glucosamine sulfate in man. METHODS Twelve healthy volunteers received thr...

The formation of N-methyl-L-glucosamine moiety of streptomycin from D-glucosamine by Streptomyces griseus was studied. The addition of thymine to the culture medium stimulated the formation of streptomycin and the incorporation of D-glucosamine into N-methyl-L-glucosamine moiety. During a study of sugar nucleotides in the mycelia, a novel UDP-amino sugar was isolated. The compound was formed be...

We examined insulin signaling in rat epididymal adipocytes which developed insulin resistance by the in vivo infusion of glucosamine. Insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake into the adipocytes isolated from rats which were infused glucosamine for 4 hours was diminished by 26%. To analyze insulin signaling in adipocytes, the epididymal fat tissues were harvested 5 minutes after insulin adminis...

Uncontrolled proliferation is important in tumorigenesis. In the present study, the effects of glucosamine on lung cancer cell proliferation were investigated. The expression of cyclin E, one of the key cyclins in the G1/S transition, and Skp2, the ubiquitin ligase subunit that targets the negative cell cycle regulator, p27Kip1, were also assessed. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of action ...

Atheroscleros is now considered as a chronic inflammatory disease, and glucosamine has a potential to exhibit anti-inflammatory action. Thus, we investigated the effect of glucosamine on LL-37-induced endothelial cell activation. HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) were stimulated by LL-37 in the presence or absence of glucosamine (0.01-1 mM) or its analogue, N-acetylglucosamine (0.1...

L-Glutamine is a physiological inhibitor of endothelial NO synthesis. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that metabolism of glutamine to glucosamine is necessary for glutamine inhibition of endothelial NO generation. Bovine venular endothelial cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence of 0, 0.1, 0.5 or 2 mM D-glucosamine, or of 0.2 or 2 mM L-glutamine with or without 20 m...

There are more than 100 types of arthritis and its related conditions. The goal of arthritis treatment is to reduce joint pain and inflammation. In this regard, glucosamine is known to stop degenerative process of osteoarthritis. Topically applied products, compared with those taken orally, are safer and cause less complications. Various researches on different kinds of glucosamine showed that ...