BACKGROUND: The aim of our investigation was to estimate the stability of alpha-tocopheryl O-glycosides in relation to activity of exoglycosidases in selected rat tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Acetylated glycosides were obtained in glucosidation of alpha-tocopherol using the Helferich method. The activity of exoglycosidases was determined by the Zwierz et al. method. Protein concentrations wer...

The administration of digitalis glycosides causes a variety of extracardiac effects. In both normal human subjects and in other species, digitalis increases smooth muscle tone of resistance and capacitance vessels. The vasoconstriction is mediated, in part, by a direct action of these glycosides on smooth muscle and, in part, by an increase in alpha-adrenergic tone. Constriction of coronary and...

Steviol glycosides are highly sweet diterpene glycosides found in the Paragyan shrub, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Steviol glycosides, mainly stevioside and rebaudioside, principal components of Stevia rebaudiana leaf, has become well known for their sweetness and are used as non-caloric sweeteners in several countries due to their nutritional and pharmacological benefits. Hence, craving for swee...

Quercetin is a flavonoid usually found in fruits and vegetables. Aside from its antioxidative effects, quercetin, like other flavonoids, has a various neuropharmacological actions. Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (Rham1), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Rutin), and quercetin- 3-(2(G)-rhamnosylrutinoside (Rham2) are mono-, di-, and tri-glycosylated forms of quercetin, respectively. In a previous study, we sh...

The cardiac glycosides are a group of compounds isolated from plants and some animals. They have been used in therapy for heart failure for many years. The cytotoxic effect of many cardiac glycosides has been demonstrated, but the mechanism of action is very complicated and complex, and Na+/K+-ATPase surely plays a crucial role in it. On the other hand, Na+/K+-ATPase is regulated by many endoge...

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of tripterygium glycosides for experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). EAMG model was established in rats, and the rats were divided into complete Freund’s adjuvant group, EAMG model group and tripterygium glycosides treatment group. All rats were evaluated by Lennon scoring and body mass monitoring. We found that the treatment with...

The pharmacological effects on the central nervous system (CNS) of a range of available flavonoid glycosides were explored and compared to those of the glycosides 2S-hesperidin and linarin, recently isolated from valeriana. The glycosides 2S-neohesperidin, 2S-naringin, diosmin, gossipyn and rutin exerted a depressant action on the CNS of mice following i.p. injection, similar to that found with...

Plants Containing Cyanogenic Glycosides Cyanogenic glycosides are substances present in many plants that can produce highly toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or prussic acid. Specific plant enzymes released when plant cells are damaged when chewed, crushed, wilted, or frozen, hydrolyze the glycosides to cyanide. At least 2000 plant species are known to contain cyanogenic glycosides with the potentia...

High-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry was used to identify flavone aglycones and glycosides in soybean pods. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS and MS-MS-MS) and photodiode array detection were also utilized in flavone characterization. A total of seven flavone aglycones and glycosides were identified. Among them three flavone aglycones--...

A total of 10 steroidal glycosides, together with three new spirostanol glycosides (6-8), a new furostanol glycoside (9), and a new cholestane glycoside (10), were isolated from the rhizomes of Clintonia udensis (Liliaceae). The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 2-D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, and of hydrolytic...