in order to study the effect of soil nitrogen content and water hardness on glyphosate efficacy on common lambsquarter (chenopodium album l.) and redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) control, an experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. experimental treatments were included soil nitrogen content (18, 50, 90, 200 and 3...

The herbicide glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity in the roots of dark-grown maize seedlings. This enzyme induction was shown to precede glyphosate-reduced fresh weight gain in the roots by 24--48 h. Feeding aromatic amino acids with glyphosate further inhibited growth while slightly lowering glyphosate-enhanced PAL activity. Soluble protei...

The potential for improvedmanagement of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola, using the herbicide glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant sugar beet varieties was investigated. Controlled field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine if glyphosate and glyphosateefungicide combinations improved the management of CLS in four commercial varieties of glyphosate-resi...

Nontarget injury from glyphosate drift is a concern among growers using non-glyphosate-resistant (non-GR) cultivars. The effects of glyphosate drift on nitrate assimilation and nitrogen fixation potential, nodule mass, and yield of non-GR soybean were assessed in a field trial at Stoneville, MS. A non-GR soybean cultivar 'Delta Pine 4748S' was treated with glyphosate at 12.5% of use rate of 0.8...

Weeds and their devastating effects have been a great threat since the start of agriculture. They compete with crop plants in the field and negatively influence the crop yield quality and quantity along with survival of the plants. Glyphosate is an important broad-spectrum systemic herbicide which has been widely used to combat various weed problems since last two decades. It is very effective ...

Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is the most frequently detected metabolite of glyphosate in plants. The objective of this study was to determine if there is any correlation of metabolism of glyphosate to AMPA in different plant species and their natural level of resistance to glyphosate. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the glyphosate I 50 values (rate required to cause a 50% re...

Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to confirm and quantify glyphosate resistance, quantify pyrithiobac resistance, and investigate interaction between flumiclorac and glyphosate mixtures on control of Palmer amaranth from Mississippi. The GR50 (herbicide dose required to cause a 50% reduction in plant growth) values for two glyphosateresistant biotypes, C1B1 and T4B1, and a glypho...

The engineering of transgenic canola (Brassica napus L. ) to make tolerance to the broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate, is one of the most effective approaches for weed management. Glyphosate inhibits the enzyme EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) enzyme which functions in the shikimate pathway and has a key role in biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids required for survival of ...

Glyphosate showed a remarkable effect inducing the change of flower symmetry from the actinomorphic to the zygomorphic type in Petunia hybrida. Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] reduced the anthocyanin content and showed a weak inhibitory effect against phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity. L-2-Aminooxy-3-phenylpropionic acid (APA), an inhibitor of PAL activity, reduced the anthocya...

It is generally claimed that glyphosate kills undesired plants by affecting the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme, disturbing the shikimate pathway. However, the mechanisms leading to plant death may also be related to secondary or indirect effects of glyphosate on plant physiology. Moreover, some plants can metabolize glyphosate to aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) or ...