Acrylonitrile was graft polymerized onto ground, water-washed wheat straw using Fe2 +-H 20 2 as initiator. Reaction conditions were selected to minimize homopolymer formation and ma.xi.mize the amount of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) grafted to straw. Polymerizations typically yielded straw-g-PAN containing 30-35% PAN. A two-step fractionation scheme was developed for determining the relative amounts...

Graft modifications of PVDF fluoropolymers have been identified as the efficient route to improve properties and expand applications. Taking advantage C-F C-Cl bonds in repeat units, atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) were widely used for graft modification. Recently, photoinduced ATRP has shown good spatial temporal control over polymerization process contrast thermal activation mode...

The aim of this research was to produce a convenient additive for enhancing the properties, especially the fluid loss, of oil well cement slurries. In this regard, a variety of drilling/cementing chemical additives known as fluid loss controllers were prepared through derivatization and chemical modification of lignite. Lignite-based graft copolymers were synthesized using different groups of a...

This investigation indicates the ability to selectively graft glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) only from the external surface of regenerated cellulose (RC) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes using activator generated electron transfer (AGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). This controlled polymerization resulted in epoxy functionalized polymer brush ends. Further reaction of the terminal ep...

Polymer layer growth by free radical graft polymerization (FRGP) and controlled nitroxide-mediated graft polymerization (NMGP) of polystyrene was achieved by atmospheric pressure hydrogen plasma surface activation of silicon. Kinetic polystyrene layer growth by atmospheric pressure plasma-induced FRGP (APPI-FRGP) exhibited a maximum surface-grafted layer thickness (125 A after 20 h) at an initi...

A series of well-characterized starch-g-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) graft copolymers was prepared from corn starch which had been heated in water at temperatures up to 94°C to vary the extent of starch granule swelling and disruption. Graft polymerization onto gelatinized starch gave less frequent grafting of higher molecular weight PAN than comparable graft polymerizations onto ungelatinized starc...