In this paper, the framework is described for the modelling of granular material by employing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This is achieved through the use and implementation in the continuum theory of constitutive relations, which are derived in a granular dynamics framework and parametrise particle interactions that occur at the micro-scale level. The simulation of a process often met ...

We experimentally investigate the energy dissipation rate in sinusoidally driven boxes which are partly filled by granular material under conditions of weightlessness. We identify two different modes of granular dynamics, depending on the amplitude of driving, A. For intense forcing, A>A(0), the material is found in the collect-and-collide regime where the center of mass of the granulate moves ...

Fluid animations in computer graphics show interactions with various kinds of objects. However, fluid flowing through a granular material such as sand is still not possible within current frameworks. In this paper, we present the simulation of fine granular materials interacting with fluids. We propose a unified Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics framework for the simulation of both fluid and gran...

The effects of hypophysectomy and prolactin administration on the ultrastructure of rat pinealocytes were studied by means of morphometric analysis. Hypophysectomy resulted in an increase in the Golgi apparatus and dense-core vesicles and a decrease in the granular endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and lipid droplets. Prolactin administration induced an increase in the granular endoplasmic retic...

We test the elasticity of granular aggregates using increments of shear and volume strain in a numerical simulation. We find that the increment in volume strain is almost reversible, but the increment in shear strain is not. The strength of this irreversibility increases as the average number of contacts per particle (the coordination number) decreases. For increments of volume strain, an elast...

The movie shows the nucleation of spheres in the shear cell. For visualization the spheres that are in a crystalline state are shown in a rotating side view. Color indicates the crystal symmetry. At the top right the current state is specified by the global packing fraction, shear cycle, and the number of crystalline spheres. The end of the plateau in the packing fraction is marked by the appea...

We study the rheology of a granular material slowly driven in a confined geometry. The motion is characterized by a steady sliding with a resistance force increasing with the driving velocity and the surrounding relative humidity. For lower driving velocities a transition to stick-slip motion occurs, exhibiting a blocking enhancement with decreasing velocity. We propose a model to explain this ...

In both nature and engineering, loosely packed granular materials are often compacted inside confined geometries. Here, we explore such behavior in a quasi-two dimensional geometry, where parallel rigid walls provide the confinement. We use the discrete element method to investigate the stress distribution developed within the granular packing as a result of compaction due to the displacement o...

Strongly vertically shaken granular matter can display a density inversion: A high-density cluster of beads is elevated by a dilute gaslike layer of fast beads underneath ("granular Leidenfrost effect"). For even stronger shaking the granular Leidenfrost state becomes unstable and granular convection rolls emerge. This transition resembles the classical onset of convection in fluid heated from ...

Equations modeling compaction in a mixture of granular high explosive and interstitial gas are solved numerically. Both phases are modeled as compressible, viscous fluids. This overcomes well known difficulties associated with computing shock jumps in the inviscid version of the equations, which cannot be posed in a fully conservative form. One-dimensional shock tube and piston-driven compactio...