Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small ubiquitous disulfide reductases that participate in dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. In contrast to animals and prokaryotes that typically possess one or a few genes encoding Trxs, higher plants contain eight different Trx types: f, m, x, y, z, o, s, and h. Trx h with multiple forms is involved in different processes such as seed germination, cellular protecti...

Heat stress is one of the primary abiotic stresses that limit crop production. Grape (Vitis vinifera) is a cultivated fruit with high economic value throughout the world, with its growth and development often influenced by high temperature. Alternative splicing (AS) is a widespread phenomenon increasing transcriptome and proteome diversity. We conducted high-temperature treatments (35°C, 40°C, ...

Heat stress is one of the primary abiotic stresses that limit crop production. Grape (Vitis vinifera) is a cultivated fruit with high economic value throughout the world, with its growth and development often influenced by high temperature. Alternative splicing (AS) is a widespread phenomenon increasing transcriptome and proteome diversity. We conducted high-temperature treatments (35°C, 40°C, ...

background and objectives: grape has high nutritional value and it is an economically important horticultural plant in the world. iran has seventh producer grape rank in the world. today tissue culture is one of technique which can be used in grape propagation and breeding. material and method: in order to optimization of callus induction and micropropagation of grape in vitro condition, this i...

Bacterial leaf scorch is caused by Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. The pathogen causes chronic leaf scorch and decline in elm, oak, sycamore, and maple. X. fastidiosa has a wide host range and is responsible for many other serious diseases including Pierce's disease of grape, phony disease of peach, and citrus variegated chlorosis. Its role in shade tree disorders has only recently been recogni...

A genome-wide search was performed to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci among the available sequence databases from four strains of Xylella fastidiosa (strains causing Pierce's disease, citrus variegated chlorosis, almond leaf scorch, and oleander leaf scorch). Thirty-four SSR loci were selected for SSR primer design and were validated in PCR experiments. These multilocus SSR primers, ...

Grape glycosides are, in part, important aroma and flavor precursors. Their quantification may offer a means of determining the impact viticultural practices, such as leaf removal, on potential wine quality. Fruit zone removal Riesling Chardonnay grapevines grown at two sites for seasons was evaluated its influence total phenol-free grape harvest. Vines were trained to low bilateral cordon syst...

In previous studies, we have shown the relaxatory effect of grape leaf (Vitis vinifera) extract on isolated ileum, uterus and aorta. In rat aorta it was revealed that the NO and endothelium are involved in the relaxation induced by grape leaf extract. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of the Vitis vinifera leaf hydroalcoholic extract (VLHE) on rat trachea precontracted by A...

Variety is one of the major factors influencing grape and wine aromatic characteristics. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), derived from lipoxygenase-hydroperoxides lyase (LOX-HPL) pathway, are important components for the aromatic quality of grapes and wines. However, the varietal difference regarding GLVs accumulation and related gene expression are poorly studied. This work exhibited that the accu...

The effects of salinity on growth, leaf area and water relations of two grape genotypes (Gharashani and Shirazi) were studied under 2-week salinity (25, 50 and 100 mM NaCl). Growth and fresh weights of all plant parts were significantly (p