This paper attempts to quantify the effect of skill shortages on the UK labour market by developing a simultaneous equation model of unemployment and real wage growth. The model is developed following a structural approach based on a priori economic information and is initially estimated using a two-stage least squares procedure. The model is also estimated using Zellner’s seemingly unrelated r...

Adequate supply of energy is important for sustainable growth in an economy. The rate the Nigeria’s electricity development very slow and not effective compare to other emerging economies; this on hands has discouraged production, most especially manufacturing sector. In light this, study investigates long-run impact consumption sector performance proxy by output, employment capital using Canon...

We estimate the effect of motherhood on wages using matching. We distinguish between net and direct effects. The net effect includes the total wage costs, whereas the direct represents the causal effect. Since covariates are likely affected by motherhood, the latter effect is not immediately uncovered. We therefore implement two strategies: First, we confine the analysis to consider sector-spec...

Available online 12 August 2011 JEL classifications:

Available online 1 July 2010 JEL classifications:

Few macroeconomic studies exist on the effects of taxes on international trade. Our hypothesis is that higher tax rates raise a country’s production costs, leading to a decrease in exports in the long run. With panel data for 25 OECD countries, we use average effective tax rates on consumption, labor income and capital income to examine their impact on bilateral trade. We find that that all thr...

this article is a comparative study of estimation power of artificial neural networks and autoregressive time series models in inflation forecasting. using 37 years iran’s inflation data, neural networks performs better on average for short horizons than autoregressive models. this study shows usefulness of early stopping technique in learning stage of neural networks for estimating time series...

This short note examines some time series evidence relating prices of exports and imports to the aggregate US wage over 34 years of falling tariffs starting in the mid 1960s. The cointegrated unit root series lead to error correction and vector autoregression models. The lost protection and changing traded prices lowered the US wage very slightly, by less than 1%. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All right...

In the relevant literature, there has been a lack of discussion to focus particularly on the relationship between entrepreneurship and international trade. It is more restricted when one intends to seek an interaction between international trade and the indexes of the 3A approach of entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurial attitude, activities and aspirations which are collected from Global ...

This paper addresses how financial development affects product quality and firmlevel exports depending on the firm’s productivity. To this goal, I propose a heterogeneous firms model with endogenous quality, credit constraints and heterogeneous productivity of a firm. I show theoretically and confirm empirically that lower financial constraints result in higher-quality output and higher exports...