A nonparametric and unsupervised method ofautomatic threshold selection for picture segmentation is presented. An optimal threshold is selected by the discriminant criterion, namely, so as to maximize the separability of the resultant classes in gray levels. The procedure is very simple, utilizing only the zerothand the first-order cumulative moments of the gray-level histogram. It is straightf...

most of the erythrocyte related diseases are detectable by hematology images analysis. at the first step of this analysis, segmentation and detection of blood cells are inevitable. in this study, a novel method using a line operator and watershed algorithm is rendered for erythrocyte detection and segmentation in blood smear images, as well as reducing over-segmentation in watershed algorithm t...

Background: Jaw bone quality plays an essential role in treatment planning and prognosis of dental implants. Regarding several available methods for bone density measurements, they are not routinely used before implant surgery due to hard accessibility.Objective: An in vitro investigation of correlation between average gray scale in direct digital radiographs and Hounsfield units in CT-Scan pro...

The previous are identical to the expressions (2) and (3). Thus the n 1 columns do consist of two repetitions of 2”-r-level Gray code. Now if we combine the first two columns again, we reduce each 2”-‘-level Gray code into two 2n-2-level Gray codes, or, the complete array into four 2”-2-level Gray codes. This can continue until we have only m columns, which would be 2n-m repetitions of 2”‘-leve...

sever& texture features are introduced from a proposed higher-order statistical matrix, the gray level gap length matrix (GLGLM). The GLGLM measures the gray level variations in an image. It complements the gray level run length matrix (GLRLM) and is more superior when the number of gray level is large. Features extracted from the weighted GLGLM can be used to estimate the size distribution of ...

The previous are identical to the expressions (2) and (3). Thus the n 1 columns do consist of two repetitions of 2”-r-level Gray code. Now if we combine the first two columns again, we reduce each 2”-‘-level Gray code into two 2n-2-level Gray codes, or, the complete array into four 2”-2-level Gray codes. This can continue until we have only m columns, which would be 2n-m repetitions of 2”‘-leve...

The OK-quantization theory determines the minimum gray level by using the reproducibility of an image histogram. In many cases, it is ascertained by the human sense of sight that the minimum gray level obtained from this theory is appropriate. However, in order to put the OK-quantization theory into practical use, it is necessary to perform a validity evaluation of this theorem using a computer...

Gray level Slicing is to highlight a specific range of gray values. Power Adaptation methods are presented for gray level slicing approaches. Power Adaptation methods aims in optimization of the resulting bit error rate by gray level slicing without preserving background and gray level slicing with background. This paper gives us an achievable increase in the proposed method rather than the con...

Histogram-based image segmentation is one of the simplest and most often used segmentation techniques. It uses the histogram to select the gray levels for grouping pixels into regions. In a simple image there are two entities: the background and the object. The background is generally one gray level and occupies most of the image. Therefore, its gray level is a large peak in the histogram. The ...