Lateral mobility studies comparing native and mutated membrane proteins, combined with treatments that alter clathrin lattice structure, can measure membrane protein-coated pit interactions in intact cells (Fire, E., Zwart, D., Roth, M. G., and Henis, Y. I. (1991) J. Cell Biol. 115, 1585-1594). We applied this approach to study the interactions of the H1 and H2 human asialoglycoprotein receptor...

Condensed and late-replicating interphase chromatin in the Dipertan insect Chironomus contains a divergent type of histone H1 with an inserted KAP-KAP repeat that is conserved in single H1 variants of Caenorhabditis elegans and Volvox carteri. H1 peptides comprising the insertion interact specifically with DNA. The Chironomid Glyptotendipes exhibits a corresponding correlation between the prese...

Proof. Clearly, the image of F is HK by definition. To see that F is injective, suppose that F (h1, k1) = F (h2, k2). Then by definition h1k1 = h2k2. Thus h −1 2 h1 = k2k −1 1 . Since H is a subgroup, h−1 2 h1 ∈ H, and since K is a subgroup, k2k −1 1 ∈ K. Thus h−1 2 h1 = k2k −1 1 ∈ H ∩ K = {1}, and so h −1 2 h1 = k2k −1 1 = 1. It follows that h−1 2 h1 = 1, so that h1 = h2, and similarly k2k −1 ...

We study the intersection of finitely generated subgroups of free groups by utilizing the method of linear programming. We prove that if H1 is a finitely generated subgroup of a free group F , then the Walter Neumann coefficient σ(H1) of H1 is rational and can be computed in deterministic exponential time of size of H1. This coefficient σ(H1) is a minimal nonnegative real number such that, for ...

The ligation of programmed death-ligand 1 (B7-H1) to T cells results in the preferential production of interleukin 10 (IL-10). We investigated if B7-H1 would be up-regulated in HIV infection, a disease characterized by increased IL-10 production, by measuring B7-H1, B7-1 (CD80), and B7-2 (CD86) expression and mRNA in 36 HIV-infected patients and in 22 healthy controls (HCs). Results showed that...

H1 linker histones are highly abundant proteins that compact nucleosomes and chromatin to regulate DNA accessibility and transcription. However, the mechanisms that target H1 regulation to specific regions of eukaryotic genomes are unknown. Here we report fluorescence measurements of human H1 regulation of nucleosome dynamics and transcription factor (TF) binding within nucleosomes. H1 does not...

PURPOSE Release of inhibitory coregulatory proteins into the circulation may represent one mechanism by which tumors thwart immune responses. Our objective was to determine whether soluble B7-H1 (sB7-H1) levels in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are associated with pathologic features and patient outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We developed an ELISA for quantification of sB...

In addition to readily identifiable TATA and CAAT boxes, chicken H1 histone genes contain a highly conserved G-rich region at about minus 80 and an A-rich H1 histone gene-specific motif some 120 bases upstream from the H1 mRNA cap site. The level of transcription from wild-type, 'G-box' and 'A-box' H1 deletion mutant templates was tested in Xenopus oocytes and in HeLa cells. Removal of the H1 g...

BACKGROUND Linker histone H1 has been studied in vivo and using reconstituted chromatin, but there have been few systematic studies of the effects of the cellular environment on its function. Due to the presence of many other chromatin factors and specific chaperones such as RanBP7/importin beta that regulate histone H1, linker histones likely function differently in vivo than in purified syste...