Ride quality depends on a combination of vertical displacement (heave) and angular displacement (pitch). Road irregularities are the main factor affecting ride comfort. Suspension elements between the road wheels and the vehicle body generate vertical forces which excite both heave and pitch motions. An active controller design based on time-scale separation and an "input decoupling transformat...

To minimize body motions, floating marine structures are often designed with natural frequencies far away from the spectrum of ocean waves. Such design considerations led to a class of deep draft caisson vessels (DDCV or spars). Even so, large resonant responses may still be generated by excitation from nonlinear interactions of waves with body motions. Past experiments indicated that a DDCV ex...

Sorted circles emerge as self-organized patterns from a laterally uniform active layer that becomes laterally sorted as frost heave deforms the interface between a stone layer and an underlying soil layer. In a three-dimensional, cellular model of the active layer, cyclic freezing and thawing drives transport of stone and soil particles by (1) addition of ice particles representing soil expansi...

The O’Neill-Miller model of frost heave, which takes account of a partially frozen fringe between the frozen and unfrozen soil, is used to study the mechanism of differential frost heave, which is a possible cause of earth hummocks and stone circles. In order to facilitate this study, the model must firstly be generalised to three dimensions, which requires a modification, due to Gilpin, of Mil...

thefollowing contents represent the systematic approach of setting up and running the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulationfor an active heave compensated (AHC) draw-works as a conceptual horizon of implementing HIL for any plant whereby the model is determined. A Simulation model of the draw-works is executed on a PC to simulate the AHC draw-workswith a physical PLC. The PLC (ET200S) is config...

Studies of center of mass (COM) motion are fundamental to understanding the dynamics of animal movement, and have been carried out extensively for terrestrial and aerial locomotion. But despite a large amount of literature describing different body movement patterns in fishes, analyses of how the center of mass moves during undulatory propulsion are not available. These data would be valuable f...

Spatial orientation is critical for air operations. Perception of orientation is continuously maintained by accurate information from the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems in daily terrestrial activities. The various contributions of these senses can be significantly altered in variable gravitoinertial environments, or when one of the sensory cues is markedly reduced. The visual ori...