The state of California is expected to have significant population growth in the next half-century resulting in additional passenger transportation demand. Planning for a high-speed rail system connecting San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Sacramento as well as many population centers between is now underway. The considerable investment in California high-speed rail has been debated for...

7 This paper proposes a three-stage game-theoretic model to study air-rail competition in intercity 8 passenger corridors. We consider duopolistic markets, in which a rail agency competes against an airline to 9 maximize their respective objectives. The objective of the rail agency can be maximizing profit or social welfare, 10 or a mix of the two. At the top stage, the rail agency first determ...

The purpose of this study is to provide a model with a dynamic system method to investigate the factors affecting the technological capabilities enhancement in the high-tech industries of high-speed train of the rail transportation system. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature and conducting several meetings with experts in the rail transportation industry, a conceptual and qualitati...

The ToF system has a wide range of applications, including automatic driving, 3D reconstruction, and intelligent robot navigation, more. However, implementing time-of-flight (ToF) systems for measuring real-time distances objects with varying surface reflectance poses challenge. reflectivity object surfaces results in fluctuations the amplitude reflected pulse, causing input overdrive voltage t...