We describe two patients who did not experience a viral rebound after cessation of HAART which was initiated for progressive disease. CD4 T-cell count remained stable in one patient and progressively declined in the other, despite apparent viral control. We failed to identify any immune activation or genetic markers that could offer an explanation for this unusual "secondary controller" status....

OBJECTIVE The current Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines from 2006 recommend a one-time test for low-risk individuals and annual testing for those at high risk. These guidelines may not be aggressive enough, even for those at low risk of infection, due to the earlier initiation of HAART and a movement towards a test-and-treat environment. We evaluated the optimal testing...

BACKGROUND Expanding access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has become an important approach to HIV prevention in recent years. Previous studies suggest that concomitant changes in risk behaviours may either help or hinder programs that use a Treatment as Prevention strategy. ANALYSIS We consider HIV-related risk behaviour as a social contagion in a deterministic compartmental...

Vol. 13, July-September, 2014 Annals of African Medicine Sir, The recent report on dyslipidemia among HIV‐infected patients is very interesting.[1] Muhammad et al., concluded that “HIV‐infected patients on HAART demonstrated higher prevalence of high TC while HAART naïve subject showed higher prevalence of low HDL.[1]” Indeed, the problem of dyslipidemia is well‐known among the HIV‐infected pat...

Risk factors for delayed HIV diagnosis in French Guiana were studied in 1952 patients between 1992 and 2003. At the time of diagnosis, 30% of patients had less than 200 CD4 lymphocytes/mm3; age, male sex, and foreign nationality were independently associated with a low CD4 cell count. The availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy was not associated with an earlier HIV diagnosis. Prom...

BACKGROUND We have previously showed that as antiretroviral therapy has improved over time since 1995-1996, the likelihood of achieving virologic suppression has also improved. Antiretroviral therapy and antiretroviral therapy guidelines have continued to evolve, and we wished to determine the trend in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) RNA levels over time in HIV-infected persons receiving c...

BACKGROUND Little is known about recurrent tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected patients and the influence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS A population-based retrospective longitudinal study was conducted on all HIV-infected TB patients in Barcelona (Spain) notified in 1987-2003, and followed up until 2005. TB recurrence and HAART influence were analysed according to ...

Superior adherence to HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy is a mainstay of successful HIV management. Studies performed in the early era of highly active antiretroviral therapy demonstrated the need for > or =95% adherence in order to achieve and sustain viral suppression. High rates of viral suppression have been observed at more moderate levels of adherence with newer antiretroviral regimens. The te...