RATIONALE Qualitatively, FLAIR MR imaging is sensitive to the detection of hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Quantitative analysis of T2 maps provides a useful objective measure and increased sensitivity over visual inspection of T2-weighted scans. We aimed to determine whether quantification of normalised FLAIR is as sensitive as T2 mapping in detection of HS. METHOD Dual echo T2 and FLAIR MR imag...

For more than a decade, there has been extensive discussion about whether hippocampal sclerosis causes enhanced neuronal excitability as a prerequisite for seizure generation. The disorder known as Ammon’s horn sclerosis (AHS) is characterized by pronounced cell loss and gliosis in various regions of the hippocampal formation, leaving the subiculum generally intact (1, 2). Given the hypothesis ...

The main hallmarks of human hippocampal sclerosis are neuronal loss and gliosis; reductions in microvasculature labeling in the cornu Ammonis 1 in this condition have been detected using alkaline phosphatase histochemistry. To determine whether the reduction in alkaline phosphatase activity is coupled with a loss of blood vessels,we examined the volume fraction occupied by blood vessels in tolu...

Abstract Hippocampal changes in epilepsy may manifest as hippocampal atrophy/sclerosis. A recent human study suggests that the demonstration of volume loss is more reliable using quantitative evaluation methods. The aim present was to obtain volumetric data both epileptic and healthy dogs, compare volumes groups, subjective assessment. Volumetric measurements hippocampi, lateral ventricles hemi...

Songs constitute a natural combination of lyrics and melodies, but it is unclear whether and how these two song components are integrated during the emergence of a memory trace. Network theories of memory suggest a prominent role of the hippocampus, together with unimodal sensory areas, in the build-up of conjunctive representations. The present study tested the modulatory influence of the hipp...

The original version of this Article contained an error in the title of the paper, where “Persistent activation of microglia and NADPH oxidase drive hippocampal dysfunction in experimental multiple sclerosis” was incorrectly given as “Persistent activation of microglia and NADPH drive hippocampal dysfunction in experimental multiple sclerosis”. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML ve...

PURPOSE Granule cells pathology in dentate gyrus, have received considerable attention in terms of understanding the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the nestin (an intermediate filament protein expressed by newly formed cells), immunoreactivity (IR) in granular cells layers of hippocampal tissue extirpated during epile...

OBJECTIVE To discuss the possible mechanisms underlying a dual pathology combining neurocysticercosis and hippocampal atrophy, illustrated by the observation of four patients with epilepsy. CASE REPORTS The first patient presented at the age of four years with a first episode of status epilepticus, presumably due to an inflamed, calcified, parenchymal cysticercus granuloma. Thereafter, he had...

OBJECTIVE To analyze retrospectively a series of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), and the association of patterns of hippocampal sclerosis with clinical data and surgical prognosis. METHOD Sixty-six patients with medically refractory TLE with unilateral MTS after anterior temporal lobectomy were included. Quantitative neuropathological evaluation...

Amplitudes of the P3 recorded invasively from the medial temporal lobe (MTL-P3) have been reported to be reduced on the side of a mediotemporal epileptogenic focus. This reduction has been attributed to the massive cell loss within the hippocampus associated with hippocampal sclerosis. It has remained unclear how functional connectivity between the hippocampus and rhinal cortex, as well as with...