The study presented here is the first detailed nosographic analysis of migraine aura, diagnosed using the criteria of the International Headache Society, in a sufficiently large sample for statistical analysis. Of 4,000 people, 163 had migraine with aura. Sixty-two had attacks of migraine aura with headache as well as migraine aura without headache, and seven had exclusively migraine aura witho...

Headache is a leading cause for consultation in many patients. We compared the agreement between non-neurologist physicians and neurologists in diagnosis of the cause of headache among 19,854 patients attending the neurology clinic of Yahyanejad Hospital, Babol, from 1995 to 2004, who were first diagnosed by the non-neurologist physician. The diagnoses of the neurologists were based on Internat...

Headache is a common condition, accounting for many specialist office visits annually. International Headache Society classification and diagnostic guidelines are invaluable tools for evaluating the headache patient. These guidelines can be enhanced with clinical clues that aid in determining whether a particular headache is primary or secondary. The secondary causes of pain must be ruled out; ...

OBJECTIVES To gauge consensus regarding a proposed definition for refractory migraine proposed by Refractory Headache Special Interest Section, and where its use would be most appropriate. BACKGROUND Headache experts have long recognized that a subgroup of headache sufferers remains refractory to treatment. Although different groups have proposed criteria to define refractory migraine, the de...

We conducted a retrospective analysis of the records of 1348 patients regularly treated at the headache clinic of Department of Neurology of Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil. Sixty-two patients reported history of daily and persistent headache. From the 62 patients selected, only 21 (group 1) could be diagnosed with new daily-persistent headache (NDPH) according to the International Headache Soc...

This study, which is a part of the initiative 'Lifting The Burden: The Global Campaign to Reduce the Burden of Headache Worldwide', assesses and presents all existing evidence of the world prevalence and burden of headache disorders. Population-based studies applying International Headache Society criteria for migraine and tension-type headache, and also studies on headache in general and 'chro...

Despite the recent advances in the understanding and classification of the chronic daily headaches, considerable controversy still exists regarding the classification of individual headaches, including chronic migraine (CM) and medication overuse headache (MOH). The original criteria, published in 2004, were difficult to apply to most patients with these disorders and were subsequently revised,...

The familial occurrence of cluster headache was assessed in 421 probands with cluster headache, diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society. The probands were from a neurological clinic and two departments of neurology. They received a mailed questionnaire regarding the presence of cluster headache among their relatives. All possibly affected relatives w...

OBJECTIVE Characterization of headaches in premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Although headache is one of the symptoms for PMS, no details on this headache are given by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) criteria. METHOD A group of 45 fertile age women presenting PMS were invited to complete a registration diary for headache and PMS symptoms for three consecutive months. The d...

INTRODUCTION Hypnic headache is a rare episodic headache syndrome fi rst described by Raskin in 1988. It has also been called ‘clockwise headache’ or ‘alarm-clock headache’ (Newman et al. 1990). More than 80 similar cases have been reported and our recent systematic review of all published cases described the typical clinical picture and treatment options (Evers & Goadsby 2003). Characteristica...