Enzyme catalyzed biotransformation of the energetic chemical octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is not known. The present study describes a xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzed biotransformation of HMX to provide insight into the biodegradation pathway of this energetic chemical. The rates of biotransformation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 1.6+/-0.2 and 10.5+/-0.9 n...

The anaerobic biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by a methanogenic mixed culture was investigated. Microcosms containing a basal medium and the mixed culture were amended with ethanol, propylene glycol (PG), butyrate or hydrogen gas as the electron donor and a mixture of TNT (50...

Abstract To explore the application of micro-sized B-Al (boron-aluminum) compound powder in enhanced blast explosive(EBX) and thermobaric explosive(TBX), three HMX-based explosives containing (PF-1, PF-2 PF-3)were designed prepared. The ignition combustion characteristics various samples (micro- nano-sized B, powders without with HMX) under different pressures atmospheres were studied by a lase...

Explosives materials are stable in soil and recalcitrant to biodegradation. Different authors report that TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) are toxic, but most investigations have been performed in artificial soil with individual substances. The aim of the presented research was to assess the tox...

We report molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the first-principles-based ReaxFF reactive force field to study the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) at various densities and temperatures. TATB is known to produce a large amount (15-30%) of high-molecular-weight carbon clusters, whereas detonation ...

Three homeobox genes, one from Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila Hmx gene) and two from mouse (murine Hmx2 and Hmx3) were isolated and the full-length cDNAs and corresponding genomic structures were characterized. The striking homeodomain similarity encoded by these three genes to previously identified genes in sea urchin, chick and human, as well as the recently cloned murine Hmx1 gene, and ...

Oktahidro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazosin (HMX) askeri ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan nitramin türevi bir patlayıcıdır. HMX benzeri özelliklere sahip patlayıcılar için duyarlılık önemli parametredir. Duyarlılığın düşürülmesi sayesinde ısı, sıcaklık, çarpma, sürtünme ile statik elektrik deşarjı gibi çeşitli olayların oluşmasıyla meydana gelebilecek kontrolsüz patlama...

The closely related Green–Kubo and Helfand moment approaches are applied to obtain the thermal conductivity tensor of β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane (β-HMX) at T=300 K P=1 atm from equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Direct application formula exhibits slow convergence integrated values even for long (120 ns) simulation times. To partially mitigate this we developed a nu...

Der thermische Zersetzungsproze8 bei BMX Die thermische Zersetzung von HMX wurde untersucht oberhalb und unterhalb seines Schmelzpunktes unter Einsatz der Thermoanalytik und der lnfrarotspektroskopie. Der Gewichtsverlust, der auftritt, wenn die Temperatur mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit erhoht wird, laSt sich vier Elementarprozessen zuordnen: lnduktionsperiode, Sublimation, Festphasenreaktion 1....

An experimental apparatus was designed to study the non-shock initiation reaction evolution process of a HMX (cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine)-based pressed PBX (Plastic Bonded Explosive)-A column under main constraint inertial mass explosive bulk, with strong bottom and circumferential confinements strength PMMA plate cover as threshold control internal pressure. The HMX-based PBX-A ignited...