It has been shown that the extent of methylation of cytosine in vertebrate DNA is inversely correlated with gene expression. We studied cytosine methylation in and around the homologous human growth hormone (GH) and chorionic somatomammotropin (CS) genes to determine if these genes are undermethylated in DNA from tissues in which they are expressed (pituitary and placenta, respectively) compare...

Gestational trophoblastic disease is a condition of uncertain etiology, comprised of hydatiform mole (complete and partial), invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, and placental site trophoblastic tumor. It arises from abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic tissue. Early diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease and its potential complications is important for timely and successful management of...

A complete hydatiform mole coexisting with a live, viable twin is a rare event. The diagnosis is challenging, and is normally achieved only at second trimester. It may be associated with thyrotoxicosis, vaginal bleeding, preeclampsia, fetal death or persistent throphoblastic disease. The authors describe the case of a pregnant woman presenting with first trimester bleeding. Ultrasound revealed ...

Introduction: Molar pregnancies represent a significant burden of disease on the spectrum gestational trophoblastic diseases. Vaginal bleeding being most common occasionally, molar pregnancy is complicated by hyperthyroidism, which may require treatment.
 Aims: To determine thyroid function test and association hyperthyroidism among cases pregnancy.
 Methods: This hospital-based cross...

the incidence of mole pregnancy appears to be higher in iran than in europe or north america. this gave us an opportunity to study a number of biochemical measurements related to the thyroid. in 14 patients with hydatiform mole, the t3 resin uptake, serum thyroxine (t4), etr, t3 ria, human serum tsh (htsh) and serum human chorinic gonadotropin (hcg) were measured. of the 14 patients 6 showed cl...

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is characterized by abnormal proliferation of pregnancy-associated trophoblastic tissue with malignant potential. GTD covers a spectrum of tumors and tumor-like conditions and may occur in a benign form as hydatiform mole or as malignancy in the form of invasive mole or choriocarcinoma. GTD has become a curable malignant disease since the introduction of ...

Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) includes hydatiform mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site tumor, and epithelial tumor. Also, molar pregnancy can happen as an ectopic pregnancy. The coincidence of these complicated pregnancies seems to occur extremely rarely. Case presentation: Here, we presented a 26-year-old woman, nulli gravida with the first presentation intrauterine co...

The main source of inhibin B in women is the growing follicle granulosa cells, while inhibin A is mainly produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta. In infertile women submitted to therapies of assisted reproduction, inhibin B has shown to be useful to predict a poor ovulatory response, though it has not yet overcome the performance of other markers. In the pre-natal screening of the Down s...