In this paper, we describe a unique strategy for preparing discrete composite nanoparticles consisting of a large gold core (60-150 nm in diameter) surrounded by a thermally responsive nontoxic hydrogel polymer derived from the polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) or a mixture of NIPAM and acrylic acid. We synthesize these composite nanoparticles at room temperature by inducing the g...

The hydrodynamics of a new rotary mass transfer apparatus is considered. It shown that the most important hydrodynamic characteristics operation are: average drop diameter, initial velocity, rise time, height

Relaxation time measurements of magnetically induced birefringence of ferrofluid solutions are performed with samples of various polydispersities. dH, the hydrodynamic diameter of particles deduced from experiments, is compared to a numerical computation with a log-normal distribution. Dynamic magnetic birefringence appears to be a good test of the tail of the sample size distribution. For a na...

Spherically symmetric direct-drive-ignition designs driven by laser beams with a focal-spot size nearly equal to the target diameter suffer from energy losses due to crossed-beam energy transfer (CBET). Significant reduction of CBET and improvements in implosion hydrodynamic efficiency can be achieved by reducing the beam diameter. Narrow beams increase low-mode perturbations of the targets bec...

due to the importance of weed control and the limitations of mechanical methods in some places, in this research the water jet cutting for weed control was investigated. the cutting tests were performed on camel thorn weed in shahid bahonar university of kerman. the water jet pressure of 90 bars was achieved with the aid of a suitable pump. the cutting time was studied in a completely randomize...

In this paper, effects of EHD actuators on hydrodynamic behavior and heat transfer of air flow over a circular cylinder were considered. Pressure and temperature distributions around the cylinder were measured in presence of wire-plate EHD actuators. The Reynolds number based on cylinder diameter (d) were 3500, 7000. Experiments were performed for various configurations. Based on obtained resul...

Elevated or reduced velocity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) has been associated with type I Chiari malformation (CMI). Thus, quantification of hydrodynamic parameters that describe the CSF dynamics could help assess disease severity and surgical outcome. In this study, we describe the methodology to quantify CSF hydrodynamic parameters near the CVJ and upper ...

The measured and reported rate [1] of the He A → B transition depends on the diameter of the experimental cell. Theoretically, this can only be explained by a direct drag on the interface exerted by the lateral walls, leading to a pressure discontinuity across the interface. This has not been considered before, either here or in similar circumstances. The general hydrodynamic theory that includ...