The aim of this work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of hydrolysis pretreatment of olive mill (OMW) waste before use as a carbon source in biosurfactant production by fermentation. Three hydrolysis methods were assessed: enzymatic hydrolysis, acid pretreatment plus enzymatic hydrolysis, and acid hydrolysis. Fermentation was carried out using two bacterial species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa an...

An adsorption-kinetic model has been proposed to explain -galactosidase stability in a recirculation hollow-fibre bioreactor at different temperature. The kinetic constants of the model and its dependence on temperature have been evaluated. In addition, a study has been made of the influence of lactose and enzyme concentration on lactose hydrolysis with hollow-fibre modules m s a m a ©

This paper shows that the steady state of a system of conjugated reactions, which are characterized by disproportionation of entropy and proceed in the domain of linear interactions, is an attractor of ordering. Such systems are primed to produce ordering, and life is a specific manifestation of the sustained ordering inherent to the chemistry of carbon. The adenosine triphospate (ATP) molecule...

enzymatic hydrolysis of yellowfin tuna visceral protein with neutrase has been carried out by response surface methodology using factorial design. peptide chain length was estimated as the response surface to the hydrolysis conditions (enzyme activity, reaction temperature, and reaction time). the tuna visceral protein hydrolysate had relatively high protein (74.56%) and low lipid content (1.86...

It is fairly easy to control the enzymic hydrolysis of proteins in alkaline conditions by measuring the base consumption required to keep the pH constant in the reactor. Unfortunately, however, base consumption is not related in any simple way to the degree of hydrolysis reached at any given moment and to establish this relationship it is essential to find out the mean pK of the alpha-amino gro...

INTRODUCTION .......................................... 235 PROPERTIES OF THE NITROGENASE PROTEINS ................... 237 Fe-Protein ............................................ 238 MoFe-Protein .......................................... 241 Species-Specific Variations in Nitrogenase Proteins ................... 245 GENETICS AND ASSEMBLY OF TIIE NITROGENASE PROTEINS ........ 246 MECHANISM OF N...

This paper reports a solid-state fungal fermentation-based pre-treatment strategy to convert wheat straw into a fermentable hydrolysate. Aspergillus niger was firstly cultured on wheat straw for production of cellulolytic enzymes and then the wheat straw was hydrolyzed by the enzyme solution into a fermentable hydrolysate. The optimum moisture content and three wheat straw modification methods ...

co(ii) and cu(ii) promoted base hydrolysis of 2-cyano, 1, lo-phenanthroline was studied. at 298.2°k, cu(ii) reaction is more efficient (by a factor of 20) than either co(ll) and its analogues ni(ii) in promoting base hydrolysis.

in the past, mining activities have generated major acid drainage sources, which usually carry dissolved metals that flow into the main rivers of the affected basins. the study looks at natural attenuation processes in local, sub-basin and basin areas, in the el bierzo and odiel basins of spain, where coal and metal mining activities were formerly conducted. in this study, sampling and in situ ...

In this research samples of PVOH were synthesized at various reaction conditions (temperature, time, and amount of catalyst). First at 25˚C and 45˚C and constant catalyst weight samples of PVOH were prepared with different degree of hydrolysis at various times. For investigation of the effects of temperature, at times 20 and 40 min and constant weight of catalyst PVOH was prepared at various te...