We have investigated the cellular responses to hydrostatic pressure by using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model system. Exposure to sublethal levels of hydrostatic pressure resulted in G2 cell cycle delay. This delay resulted from Cdc2 tyrosine-15 (Y-15) phosphorylation, and it was abrogated by simultaneous disruption of the Cdc2 kinase regulators Cdc25 and Wee1. However, ce...

Cells of the terrestrial plant species bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) are not naturally adapted to withstand the hydrostatic pressures encountered in aquatic environments. However, after treatment with the natural plant growth hormone abscisic acid (75 micromolar), bromegrass cells survived a hydrostatic pressure of 101.3 megapascals, approximating the limits of ocean depth (10,860 m). The incr...

In order to image the shear modulus in soft tissue, for medical diagnosis, given one component of measured displacements as a function of time on an imaging plane, two related direct finite element-based inversion algorithms are presented. One algorithm is based on the governing equations expressed in the frequency domain, and the other is in the time domain. The algorithms consider the complet...

This paper is concerned on the phase transformation mechanism of porous Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). A unit-cell model is adopted to establish the constitutive relation for porous SMAs, the stress distributions, the phase distributions and the martensitic volume fractions for the model are then derived under both pure hydrostatic stress and uniaxial compression. Further, an example for the uniax...

Based on the results that the magnitude of the stabilization of retained austenite increases with increasing the amount of martensite transformed, it has been assumed that the martensitic transformation is accompanied with an increase in internal resisting stress which subsequently results in the stabilization of retained austenite. By simplifying this internal resisting stress to be a type of ...

Density functional theory calculations are employed to investigate the energetics of point defects—monovacancy, self-interstitials (tetrahedral, octahedral and dumbbell) and Frenkel pairs— in aluminum under tensile hydrostatic stresses. Our study suggests that the defect core-energy of a vacancy, which is governed solely by the electronic-structure at the core, significantly depends on the macr...

The expression of effective stress proposed by Terzaghi has always been questioned. Many correction formulas are modification pore pressure term. factor is related to porosity, contact area and other factors. When the particles in point contact, that Terzaghi, while for surface particles, actual increases produced passing through based on stress. There many factors affect development pressure, ...