To develop a practical method of treating boron-containing wastewater, we custom designed two laboratory-scale continuousflow-type hydrothermal mineralization apparatuses. We carried out a hydrothermal treatment using a continuous-flow apparatus, using Ca(OH)2, CaCl2, and both Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2 as mineralizers, under various pH conditions. Our results show that using CaCl2 under optimal pH cond...

Cubic copper ferrite CuFe2O4 nanopowders have been synthesized via a hydrothermal route using industrial wastes. The synthesis conditions were systematically studied using statistical design (Box–Behnken Program) and the optimum conditions were determined. The results revealed that single phase of cubic copper ferrite powders can be obtained at different temperatures from 100 to 200 C for times...

the synthesis of nb doped batio3 has been investigated under microwave-hydrothermal (mh) conditions in the temperature of 150°c for only 2 h using c16h36o4ti, bah2o2.8h2o and nbcl5 as ba, ti and  nb sources, respectively.  typical experiments performed on mh processing have not yet reported for nb doped batio3.  in the mh process, the formation of high purity nano tetragonal nb-batio3 was stron...

Introduction: On Mars, the geomorphology of numerous surface features has been attributed to the interaction of magmatic and impact heat sources with an H 2 O-rich Martian crust/megaregolith [1-3]. In addition , geochemical analyses of soil at the Pathfinder and Viking landing sites indicate high concentrations of SO 3 and Cl [4-6], consistent with interaction between a basaltic protolith and f...

A continuous flow-type hydrothermal reaction system, in which both temperature and pressure were rapidly and dynamically controlled, was constructed. It is called a real time high temperature and pressure reaction system (RT-HighTP). The RT-HighTP was hyphenated with liquid chromatograph (RT-HighTP-LC) to achieve prompt analysis of the reaction products. The RT-HighTP system produced stable pre...

This study investigates the stability and activity of HZSM-5 doped with metals such as molybdenum, nickel, copper, and iron under hydrothermal conditions used for the direct liquefaction of microalgae. Catalysts have been prepared by ion-exchange techniques, and MoZSM-5 was also prepared by wet incipient impregnation for comparison. Hydrothermal liquefaction is considered a potential route to c...

Introduction: The Cassini spacecraft detected a gas plume emanating from Saturn’s icy satellite Enceladus [13]. Its composition (91% H2O, 3.2% CO2, 4% N2, and 1.6% CH4) was inferred based on measurements by the Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer [2]. Jets from warm (110-160 K) fissures (“sulci”) supply the plume [3], and boiling water in a subsurface reservoir may power the jets [1]. Liquid wate...

The conditions and properties of hydrothermal vents and hydrothermal fields are compared in terms of their ability to support processes related to the origin of life. The two sites can be considered as alternative hypotheses, and from this comparison we propose a series of experimental tests to distinguish between them, focusing on those that involve concentration of solutes, self-assembly of m...

Hydrothermal environments are characterised by high metal concentrations related to interactions of the convective seawater circulation with basaltic rocks inside the ocean crust. Thus, hydrothermal fluids are enriched with, among other toxic metals, mercury (Hg) that becomes bioavailable to vent macro invertebrates and that may determine development of specialised defence mechanisms. Unusually...