Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte disorder with potentially lethal consequences. Severe hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, making a clear understanding of emergency management crucial. Recognition of patients at risk for cardiac arrhythmias should be followed by effective strategies for reduction in serum potassium levels. In the outpatient setting, diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are increasingly used in a variety of settings including heart failure, renal failure, arterial hypertension, and diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hyperkalemia with ACEI and ARB use, in a population of the United States veterans....

IMPORTANCE Spironolactone has been shown to be an effective treatment option for hormonally mediated acne but can cause hyperkalemia. The prevalence of hyperkalemia among healthy young women taking spironolactone for acne is unclear. OBJECTIVE To measure the rate of hyperkalemia in healthy young women taking spironolactone for acne or for an endocrine disorder with associated acne. DESIGN, ...

高カリウム（K）血症は日常診療でよく遭遇するが，時に致死的となることから迅速な病態の把握と対応が求められる．その病態はintakeの増加，outの減少，細胞内シフトの障害と分けると理解しやすく，特に前者2つは通常慢性腎臓病が背景にある．近年，心疾患や腎疾患に対するRAS（renin-angiotensin system）阻害薬の有効性の報告とともにその使用が増加しているが，副作用の高K血症を診る頻度が増えている．その一方で高K血症の新規治療薬も開発され，今後の診療は変わる可能性がある．

Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte abnormality that may cause cardiac pacemaker malfunction. Clinically, bilateral calf pain is extremely rare in hyperkalemia. Here we presented a case of a 78-year-old female who had bilateral calf pain with electrocardiographic changes in severe hyperkalemia.

BACKGROUND The incidence and factors associated with hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and other antihypertensive drugs was investigated using the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) database. METHODS A total of 1094 nondiabetic adults with hypertensive CKD (glomerular filtratio...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to determine the adequacy of monitoring patients receiving spironolactone as well as spironolactone's relationship to hyperkalemia. BACKGROUND After the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES) demonstrated a 30% mortality benefit for treating severe heart failure patients with spironolactone, acceptance of this drug was overwhelming. Hyperkalemia and w...

The majority of patients who present for kidney transplantation have end stage renal disease and are on dialysis. Those patients are known to be at risk for the development of hyperkalemia. A patient who has not required dialysis, and with stable potassium levels would not be expected to acutely develop intraoperative hyperkalemia. Presented here is an unusual case in which a 61-year-old man wi...

Hyperkalemia after kidney transplantation is a common electrolyte disturbance and the risk factors are multifactorial. Pharmacotherapeutic agents for chronic management of hyperkalemia in kidney transplant patients may be relatively contraindicated or provide suboptimal efficacy. Fludrocortisone, an endogenous mineralocorticoid mimics the actions of aldosterone, hence hyperkalemia reversal. We ...

We describe a hypertensive nephrosclerosis patient presenting with severe hyperkalemia due to a combination therapy of the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) candesartan and spironolactone despite mildly decreased renal function. Recently, ARBs are replacing the ACE inhibitors. The combined therapy with ARB and spironolactone will eventually become the standard regimen. The strict attention and...