Lactic acidosis is a life-threatening complication of antiretroviral therapy with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) (2, 3), and there is a spectrum of conditions associated with lactic acid elevation, ranging from moderate asymptomatic hyperlactatemia to life-threatening lactic acidosis. Identification of the compounds responsible for hyperlactatemia is uneasy, because most pa...

INTRODUCTION Screening for severe sepsis in adult emergency department (ED) patients may involve potential delays while waiting for laboratory testing, leading to postponed identification or over-utilization of resources. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria are inaccurate at predicting clinical outcomes in sepsis. Shock index (SI), defined as heart rate / systolic blood ...

suggest a diff ering association between early and late hyperlactatemia and mortality in post-operative cardiac surgery patients and that the inclusion of this cohort in our 'cardiac/vascular' group may have weakened the association between lactate and mortality in our study. Th ey are correct in assuming that a signifi cant number of patients from the 'cardiac/vascular' group were post-operati...

There is overwhelming evidence that sepsis and septic shock are associated with hyperlactatemia (sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia (SAHL)). SAHL is a strong independent predictor of mortality and its presence and progression are widely appreciated by clinicians to define a very high-risk population. Until recently, the dominant paradigm has been that SAHL is a marker of tissue hypoxia. Accordin...

BACKGROUND Mitochondrial toxicity was described in infants exposed to long-term antiretroviral regimens containing nucleoside analogues for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. We measured the serum lactate levels in children born to HIV-1 infected African women receiving short-term antiretroviral prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV regimens. METHODS A prospect...

INTRODUCTION Metabolic acidosis is common in patients with cardiac arrest and is conventionally considered to be essentially due to hyperlactatemia. However, hyperlactatemia alone fails to explain the cause of metabolic acidosis. Recently, the Stewart-Figge methodology has been found to be useful in explaining and quantifying acid-base changes in various clinical situations. This novel quantita...