resource sustainability requires a thorough understanding of the influence of forest management programs on the conservation of genetic diversity in tree populations. to observe how differences in forest management affect the genetic structure of fagus orientalis lipsky (oriental beech), we evaluated thirteen beech sites across hyrcanian forests, based on six microsatellite loci. significant di...

Development of the Canadian Wetland Inventory Map (CWIM) has thus far proceeded over two generations, reporting extent and location bog, fen, swamp, marsh, water wetlands across country with increasing accuracy. Each generation this training inventory improved previous results by including additional reference wetland data focusing on processing at scale ecozone, which represent ecologically di...

Understanding climate as a driver of low- to moderate-severity fires in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone Canada is priority given predicted and observed increases frequency severity large due change. We characterised historical fire-climate associations using 14 crossdated fire-scar records tree-ring proxy reconstructions summer drought annual precipitation from region. compared among years when ...

finding a minimum allowable radius length of a circle horizontal curve is essential to reduce earthwork cost or damage to the forest ecosystem, as well as make driving more comfortable. the present study is conducted i) to analyze different radius lengths of circle horizontal curves using an integrated approach consists of a civil3d in concert with the field surveys, and ii) to propose a set of...